PREVALENCE OF HIV/SPUTUM AFB POSITIVITY AMONG PATIENTS ATTENDING UNIVERSITY OF BENIN TEACHING HOSPITAL (UBTH), BENIN CITY, NIGERIA.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Tuberculosis(TB) have synergistic interactions that speedily accelerate decline of the host’s immune system and accentuate the progression of each other. Eight hundred and ninety five patients referred from different units of University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria were screened for antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2 using ELISA and sputum microscopy for acid-fast bacilli. The result showed that, 92(10.3%) were HIV positive with females 68(14.2%) higher than males 24(5.8%) though not statistically significant (p=0.066), 123(13.7%) patients were AFB positive, with males 75(18.1%) significantly higher than females 48(10%) (p=0.046) and 14(1.6%) patients were co-infected. Although the co-infection rate was higher among females 9(1.9%) than males 5(1.2%), there was no significant difference (p=0.450). The age group 40-49 and 50-59 had the highest TB/HIV co-infection (2.5% each).Regular screening for TB in HIV patients and HIV in TB patients would demonstrate the true burden of TB disease amongst HIV infected patients. Key words : prevalence, TB, HIV, co-infection, Nigeria. LA PREVALENCE DE LA POSITIVITE DU VIH/EXPECTORATIONS AFB CHEZ LES PATIENTS QUI FREQUENT L’UNIVERSITE HOPITAL D’ENSEIGNEMENT DE BENIN (UBTH), BENIN CITY, NIGERIA. Le virus de l’immunodeficience humaine(VIH) et la tuberculose (TB) ont des interactions synergiques qui rapidement accelerent le declin du systeme immunitaire de l’hote et accentuent la progression de l’un l’autre. Huit cent quatre – vingt quinze patients des differentes unites de l’universite hopital  d’enseignement de Benin, Nigeria, ont ete cribles pour les anticorps a VIH – 1 et VIH – 2 en utilisant ELISA microscopique des expectorations pour les bacilles acide – Resistant. Le resultat a montree que 92 (10,3%) etaient seropositifs avec des femelles 68(14,2%) plus eleve que les males 24(5,8%), mais pas statiquement significatif, (p=0,066), 123(13,7%) patients etaient AFB positif, avec les males 75(18,1%) significativement plus eleves que les femelles 48 (10%) (p=0,046) et 14 (1,6%) patients ont ete Co – infectes. Bien que le taux de la Co – infection etait plus eleve parmi les femelles 9(1,9%) que les males 5 (1,2%), il n y avait pas de difference significative (p=0,450). Le groupe d’âges 40 – 49 et 50 – 59 avait la plus forte Co - infection de TB/HIV (2,5%). Le depistage regulier de la tuberculose chez les patients VIH et VIH chez les patients tuberculeux demontrerait le veritable fardeau de la maladie de la tuberculose chez les patients infectes par le VIH. Mots Cles : Prevalence, Tuberculose, VIH, Co – infection, Nigeria.

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