Ziconotide Combination Intrathecal Therapy for Noncancer Pain Is Limited Secondary to Delayed Adverse Effects: A Case Series With a 24‐Month Follow‐Up

The efficacy and safety of ziconotide as a single agent has been evaluated in few short‐term clinical trials and open‐label studies. Ziconotide use is challenging given its adverse effect (AE) profile. The objective of this study is to describe the long‐term efficacy and AEs of ziconotide used as an adjunct to other intrathecal (IT) agents in chronic noncancer pain patients.

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