Validating and Calibrating Integrated Cellular Automata Based Models of Land Use Change

Realistic high-resolution cellular automata based models of urban and regional systems raise significant problems of calibration and validation. In this chapter we examine first the major philosophical and methodological issues involved in the validation of models that produce as output patterns that are complex but non-deterministic due to stochasticity and bifurcations. Some related problems of map comparison that are significant for both validation and calibration are also examined. Calibration problems are then treated in more detail by means of a case study involving an application of the Environment Explorer model of The Netherlands as well as two semiautomatic calibration techniques that were developed in this context. The calibration tools are shown to be useful if imperfect, and even in some cases to outperform manual calibration.

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