Enhanced removal of Cu(II) from chemically diverse wastewater environment by EDTA-chitosan modified sewage sludge

The removal of Cu(II) from chemically diverse wastewater was studied using a sewage sludgebased adsorbent in which the sewage sludge surface had been functionalized with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid anhydride (EDTA) and chitosan via a one-step cross-linkage method. The adsorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The effect of metal concentration, contact time, changes in pH, ionic environment, presence of competitive ammonia, and recyclability were all investigated. The EDTA-chitosan modified sludge showed good adsorption capacity (42.4 mg g–1) at pH 3.0, which could be ascribed to the attraction between Cu(II) ions and functional groups of the EDTA-chitosan modified sludge surface. The adsorption isotherm data fitted the Langmuir isotherm suggesting that the adsorption process was homogenous. The adsorption equilibrium was reached within 270 min. The kinetics of adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order model, indicating the adsorption of Cu(II) on the surface of EDTA-chitosan modified sludge was due to chelation and ion exchange. The Cu(II) adsorption by EDTA-chitosan modified sludge in a chemically diverse environment including cations and ammonia was excellent. Furthermore, the adsorbent is stable and has good recyclability with more than 27 mg g–1 adsorption capacity after several cycles of regeneration, which suggests its suitability in wastewater treatment.

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