Genetic algorithm based optimized leach protocol for energy efficient wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor network (WSN) comprises of huge amount of sensing nodes being used for collecting the data in different situations. WSN finds applications mostly to gather information from remote places such as in environment monitoring, military, in transportation security and so on. The main problem in WSN is the availability of limited energy resources. For enhancing energy efficiency with the lifespan of sensor nodes, in this research, an energy effective routing protocol, low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) along with optimization algorithm genetic algorithm (GA) has been presented. LEACH is a hierarchical protocol which converts the sensor nodes into cluster heads (CH), and CH gathers and compress the data and send it to the target node. Genetic algorithm helps to find the optimal route by using its fitness function. After simulating the code in MATLAB, the energy consumption rate up to 17.39% has been reduced when GA is used. At last, comparison between proposed work and existing work is performed to determine the efficiency of the proposed work.

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