Joint Uplink and Downlink Performance Profiling of LTE Protocol Processing on a Mobile Platform

This article provides a detailed profiling of the layer 2 L2 protocol processing for 3G successor Long Term Evolution LTE. For this purpose, the most processing intensive part of the LTE L2 data plane is executed on top of a virtual ARM based mobile phone platform. The authors measure the execution times as well as the maximum data rates at different system setups. The profiling is done for uplink UL and downlink DL directions separately as well as in a joint UL and DL scenario. As a result, the authors identify time critical algorithms in the protocol stack and check to what extent state-of-the-art hardware platforms with a single-core processor and traditional hardware acceleration concepts are still applicable for protocol processing in LTE and beyond LTE mobile devices.

[1]  Samir Chatterjee,et al.  International Journal of Business Data Communications and Networking , 2010 .

[2]  Kees van Berkel,et al.  Multi-core for mobile phones , 2009, DATE.

[3]  Michael R. Bartolacci,et al.  Interdisciplinary and Multidimensional Perspectives in Telecommunications and Networking: Emerging Findings , 2011 .

[4]  Volker Jungnickel,et al.  Performance evaluation of a 3GPP LTE terminal receiver , 2008, 2008 14th European Wireless Conference.

[5]  Johan Cockx,et al.  Efficient modeling of preemption in a virtual prototype , 2000, Proceedings 11th International Workshop on Rapid System Prototyping. RSP 2000. Shortening the Path from Specification to Prototype (Cat. No.PR00668).

[6]  Josef Hausner,et al.  Cellular Phones: Future Implementation Trends , 2008 .

[7]  Sebastian Hessel,et al.  On-the-fly hardware acceleration for protocol stack processing in next generation mobile devices , 2009, CODES+ISSS '09.

[8]  Cesar Garcia Diaz,et al.  Business data communications and networking: A research perspective , 2007 .

[9]  Jose F. Monserrat,et al.  On the Way towards Fourth-Generation Mobile: 3GPP LTE and LTE-Advanced , 2009, EURASIP J. Wirel. Commun. Netw..

[10]  Tong Zhou,et al.  Hybrid Trust Structure in Self-Organizing Networks , 2009, Int. J. Interdiscip. Telecommun. Netw..

[11]  Luigi Atzori,et al.  The Playout Control Management: An Issue for the IP Telephony Service Providers , 2009 .

[12]  Olli Silvén,et al.  Observations on Power-Efficiency Trends in Mobile Communication Devices , 2007, EURASIP J. Embed. Syst..

[13]  S. Heinen,et al.  DATE 2007 "Best Industrial Designs" Session: From Algorithm to First 3.5G Call in Record Time - A Novel System Design Approach Based on Virtual Prototyping and its Consequences for Interdisciplinary System Design Teams , 2007, 2007 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition.

[14]  Sebastian Hessel,et al.  Acceleration of the L4/Fiasco microkernel using scratchpad memory , 2008, MobiVirt '08.

[15]  Abdelfettah Belghith,et al.  New Strategies and Extensions in Kruskal's Algorithm in Multicast Routing , 2011, Int. J. Bus. Data Commun. Netw..

[16]  Stefan Parkvall,et al.  LTE-Advanced - Evolving LTE towards IMT-Advanced , 2008, 2008 IEEE 68th Vehicular Technology Conference.

[17]  Lara Khansa,et al.  Using Real Options Theory to Evaluate Strategic Investment Options for Mobile Content Delivery: A Case Study , 2010, Int. J. Bus. Data Commun. Netw..

[18]  C. Carbonelli,et al.  On 3G LTE Terminal Implementation - Standard, Algorithms, Complexities and Challenges , 2008, 2008 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference.

[19]  Sebastian Hessel,et al.  On the Design of a Suitable Hardware Platform for Protocol Stack Processing in LTE Terminals , 2009, 2009 International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering.

[20]  Stephan Henzler,et al.  A 90-nm CMOS Low-Power GSM/EDGE Multimedia-Enhanced Baseband Processor With 380-MHz ARM926 Core and Mixed-Signal Extensions , 2007, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[21]  Kevin Curran,et al.  Prevalent Factors Involved in Delays Associated with Page Downloads , 2007 .

[22]  P. Subathra,et al.  Secure Route Discovery in DSR against Black Hole Attacks in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks , 2012 .

[23]  T. Eckart,et al.  Development and Verification of Embedded Firmware using Virtual System Prototypes , 2006, 2006 International Symposium on System-on-Chip.