Optical multiple beam-forming systems for wireless communication antennas

Several new systems and concepts using optical technology are introduced for the wireless communication antenna. These include antenna-design limitations on frequency reuse in cellular architectures, optical beamforming, adaptive filtering, and direction finding, optical receive- mode IF combining, use of ultra-short optical time delay methods for millimeter wave antenna arrays, and the use of space-time coding of electro-optically steered lasers for multiple access communications.