This Reprint May Differ from the Original in Pagination and Typographic Detail. the Graphogame Method: the Theoretical and Methodological Background of the Technology-enhanced Learning Environment for Learning to Read the Graphogame Method: the Theoretical and Methodological Background of the Techno

This paper provides an overview of the GraphoGame method. Both theoretical and methodological aspects related to the method are presented. The method's guiding principles are based on the prevailing theories and experimental research findings on learning and teaching basic reading skills in alphabetic languages, especially from the point of view of a struggling reader. Because the nature of the target language and its relation to its writing system play central roles in the GraphoGame method, this approach requires the method to be flexible in order to be valid for learners of different languages and orthographies. Thus, the aim of the developed technology is to provide an appropriate reading support tool for all learners—from struggling learners to typical learners—in any language environment. We present an overview of results gained from GraphoGame intervention studies as well as challenges for the usability of the method.

[1]  Carsten Elbro,et al.  Dyslexia in adults: Evidence for deficits in non-word reading and in the phonological representation of lexical items , 1994, Annals of dyslexia.

[2]  J. Ziegler,et al.  Reading acquisition, developmental dyslexia, and skilled reading across languages: a psycholinguistic grain size theory. , 2005, Psychological bulletin.

[3]  Lona M. Walton,et al.  Teaching Rime Analogy or Letter Recoding Reading Strategies to Prereaders: Effects on Prereading Skills and Word Reading. , 2001 .

[4]  H. Bikkin,et al.  DYNAMICS OF INFLATION “ HERDING ” DECODING INDIA ’ S INFLATIONARY PROCESS , 2012 .

[5]  L. Katz,et al.  The reading process is different for different orthographies : the orthographic depth hypothesis , 1992 .

[6]  P. H. Seymour,et al.  Foundation literacy acquisition in European orthographies. , 2003, British journal of psychology.

[7]  Carsten Elbro,et al.  Predicting dyslexia from kindergarten : The importance of distinctness of phonological representations of lexical items , 1998 .

[8]  U. Goswami Orthographic Analogies and Reading Development , 1988 .

[9]  Lynne G. Duncan Phonological development from a cross-linguistic perspective , 2010 .

[10]  Peter Bryant,et al.  Phonological Skills Before and After Learning to Read , 2013 .

[11]  Usha Goswami,et al.  Similarity relations among spoken words: The special status of rimes in English , 2002, Behavior research methods, instruments, & computers : a journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc.

[12]  K. Eklund,et al.  Newborn Event-Related Potentials Predict Poorer Pre-Reading Skills in Children at Risk for Dyslexia , 2010, Journal of learning disabilities.

[13]  R E Eilers,et al.  Speech perception in adult subjects with familial dyslexia. , 1992, Journal of speech and hearing research.

[14]  Johannes C. Ziegler,et al.  Do differences in brain activation challenge universal theories of dyslexia? , 2006, Brain and Language.

[15]  L. Sprenger-Charolles,et al.  Discrimination of speech sounds by children with dyslexia: comparisons with chronological age and reading level controls. , 2008, Journal of experimental child psychology.

[16]  K. Stanovich Explaining the Differences Between the Dyslexic and the Garden-Variety Poor Reader , 1988, Journal of learning disabilities.

[17]  Heikki Lyytinen,et al.  Assessing the Effectiveness of Two Theoretically Motivated Computer-Assisted Reading Interventions in the United Kingdom: GG Rime and GG Phoneme , 2013 .

[18]  Charles A. Perfetti,et al.  Phonemic knowledge and learning to read are reciprocal: A longitudinal study of first grade children. , 1987 .

[19]  Heikki Lyytinen,et al.  Predicting Word-Level Reading Fluency Outcomes in Three Contrastive Groups: Remedial and Computer-Assisted Remedial Reading Intervention, and Mainstream Instruction , 2010 .

[20]  S. T. Orton Reading, Writing and Speech Problems in Children , 1938, Nature.

[21]  T. Whitlock Dyslexia , 1989, The Lancet.

[22]  Linnea C. Ehri,et al.  Learning to Read Words: Theory, Findings, and Issues , 2005 .

[23]  Karin Landerl,et al.  Influences of orthographic consistency and reading instruction on the development of nonword reading skills , 2000 .

[24]  Elena L. Grigorenko,et al.  Emerging Issues in the Genetics of Dyslexia , 2001, Journal of learning disabilities.

[25]  C. Elbro,et al.  When reading is "readn" or somthn. Distinctness of phonological representations of lexical items in normal and disabled readers. , 1998, Scandinavian journal of psychology.

[26]  Janet Soler,et al.  Approaching Difficulties in Literacy Development: Assessment, Pedagogy and Programmes , 2009 .

[27]  H. Lyytinen,et al.  Brain sensitivity to print emerges when children learn letter–speech sound correspondences , 2010, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[28]  J. Metsala,et al.  Spoken vocabulary growth and the segmental restructuring of lexical representations: precursors to p , 1998 .

[29]  Anne E. Fowler,et al.  How early phonological development might set the stage for phoneme awareness. , 1991 .

[30]  L. Rescorla,et al.  Normal language acquisition. , 1997, Seminars in pediatric neurology.

[31]  Ulla Richardson,et al.  The effect of using a mobile literacy game to improve literacy levels of grade one students in Zambian schools , 2014, Educational Technology Research and Development.

[32]  Donald Shankweiler,et al.  Chapter 10 On the Relations between Learning to Spell and Learning to Read , 1992 .

[33]  Heikki Lyytinen,et al.  The Role of Reading by Analogy in First Grade Finnish Readers , 2002 .

[34]  U. Goswami Children's use of analogy in learning to read: A developmental study , 1986 .

[35]  E. Bates,et al.  On the Emergence of Grammar From the Lexicon , 2013 .

[36]  Heikki Lyytinen,et al.  Speech Perception of Infants With High Familial Risk for Dyslexia Differ at the Age of 6 Months , 2003, Developmental neuropsychology.

[37]  Heikki Lyytinen,et al.  Early Identification and Prevention of Dyslexia: Results from a Prospective Follow-up Study of Children at Familial Risk for Dyslexia , 2008 .

[38]  Timo Ahonen,et al.  Does Training in Syllable Recognition Improve Reading Speed? A Computer-Based Trial With Poor Readers From Second and Third Grade , 2013 .

[39]  Andrea Honigsfeld,et al.  Insights on Learning Disabilities: From Prevailing Theories to Validated Practices , 2010 .