Antenna design and site planning considerations for MIMO

The capacity and reliability of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communications systems may be sensitive to the design of the antenna arrays employed at the transmitter and receiver, as well as to the nature of the propagation between the arrays. This paper discusses the emerging methodology of array design for indoor MIMO systems used to implement wireless local area networks, and discusses some aspects of site planning which are likely to influence design choices. Some guidelines are described for choosing the number, type, and polarization of elements; element spacing and geometry; and location and orientation of arrays within rooms and hallways.

[1]  Steven W. Ellingson.  Design and evaluation of a novel antenna array for azimuthal angle-of-arrival measurement , 2001 .

[2]  Joseph M. Kahn,et al.  Fading correlation and its effect on the capacity of multielement antenna systems , 2000, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[3]  Fredrik Tufvesson,et al.  The effect of horizontal array orientation on MIMO channel capacity , 2003, The 57th IEEE Semiannual Vehicular Technology Conference, 2003. VTC 2003-Spring..

[4]  R.G. Vaughan,et al.  Antenna diversity in mobile communications , 1987, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[5]  Reinaldo A. Valenzuela,et al.  Keyholes, correlations, and capacities of multielement transmit and receive antennas , 2002, IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun..

[6]  Volker Jungnickel,et al.  Capacity of MIMO systems with closely spaced antennas , 2003, IEEE Communications Letters.

[7]  Michael A. Jensen,et al.  Impact of antenna coupling on diversity performance: complete network theory analysis , 2004, 2004 IEEE International Conference on Communications (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37577).

[8]  Martine Lienard,et al.  Investigation on MIMO channels in subway tunnels , 2003, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[9]  Henry L. Bertoni,et al.  Radio Propagation for Modern Wireless Systems , 1999 .

[10]  Per-Simon Kildal,et al.  Correlation and capacity of MIMO systems and mutual coupling, radiation efficiency, and diversity gain of their antennas: simulations and measurements in a reverberation chamber , 2004, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[11]  Donald C. Cox,et al.  MIMO capacity in hallways and adjacent rooms , 2002, Global Telecommunications Conference, 2002. GLOBECOM '02. IEEE.

[12]  M.A. Jensen,et al.  The impact of array configuration on MIMO wireless channel capacity , 2002, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (IEEE Cat. No.02CH37313).

[13]  C. Waldschmidt,et al.  Compact wide-band multimode antennas for MIMO and diversity , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[14]  M. J. Gans,et al.  On Limits of Wireless Communications in a Fading Environment when Using Multiple Antennas , 1998, Wirel. Pers. Commun..

[15]  J. Wallace,et al.  Intrinsic capacity of the MIMO wireless channel , 2002, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (IEEE Cat. No.02CH37313).

[16]  W. C. Jakes,et al.  Microwave Mobile Communications , 1974 .

[17]  Donald C. Cox,et al.  Propagation characteristics of horizontally and vertically polarized electric fields in an indoor environment: simple model and results , 2001, IEEE 54th Vehicular Technology Conference. VTC Fall 2001. Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37211).

[18]  Thomas Svantesson,et al.  An antenna solution for MIMO channels: the switched parasitic antenna , 2001, 12th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications. PIMRC 2001. Proceedings (Cat. No.01TH8598).

[19]  Ernst Bonek,et al.  Number of multipath clusters in indoor MIMO propagation environments , 2004 .

[20]  Christian Waldschmidt,et al.  Complete RF system model for analysis of compact MIMO arrays , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[21]  R. Janaswamy.  Effect of element mutual coupling on the capacity of fixed length linear arrays , 2002, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[22]  M.A. Jensen,et al.  A review of antennas and propagation for MIMO wireless communications , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[23]  R.W. Heath,et al.  Impact of antenna geometry on MIMO communication in indoor clustered channels , 2004, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society Symposium, 2004..

[24]  Thomas Svantesson,et al.  Correlation and channel capacity of MIMO systems employing multimode antennas , 2002, IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol..

[25]  Michael A. Jensen,et al.  Analysis of electromagnetic field polarizations in multiantenna systems , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[26]  Partha P. Mitra,et al.  Tripling the capacity of wireless communications using electromagnetic polarization , 2001, Nature.

[27]  Jon W. Wallace,et al.  On signal strength and multipath richness in multi-input multi-output systems , 2003, IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2003. ICC '03..

[28]  M.A. Jensen,et al.  Network model for MIMO systems with coupled antennas and noisy amplifiers , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[29]  R. Valenzuela,et al.  Capacities of multi-element transmit and receive antennas: Correlations and keyholes , 2000 .

[30]  Beza Negash Getu,et al.  The MIMO cube - a compact MIMO antenna , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.