Solid-phase synthesis of anandamide analogues.

The endocannabinoids are amides and esters of arachidonic acid that can mimic the pharmacological properties of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC). Anandamide, the most prominent of the endocannabinoids, has been implicated in both metabolic/physiological roles of the central nervous system, making it an attractive medicinal target. As such, we report the first solid-phase methodology that expedites access to various anandamide analogues. Our synthesis features a repetitive Cu-mediated coupling reaction between terminal alkynes and propargyl halides or allylic halides.

[1]  J. Ramos,et al.  Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new inhibitors of the endocannabinoid uptake: comparison with effects on fatty acid amidohydrolase. , 2003, Journal of medicinal chemistry.

[2]  K. Janda,et al.  Solid-phase rhodium carbenoid N-H insertion reactions: the synthesis of a diverse array of indoles. , 2003, Journal of combinatorial chemistry.

[3]  B. Martin Identification of the endogenous cannabinoid system through integrative pharmacological approaches. , 2002, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[4]  Z. Vogel,et al.  2-Arachidonyl glyceryl ether, an endogenous agonist of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor , 2001, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[5]  A. Makriyannis,et al.  Natural and synthetic endocannabinoids and their structure-activity relationships. , 2000, Current pharmaceutical design.

[6]  R. Pertwee Cannabinoid receptor ligands: clinical and neuropharmacological considerations, relevant to future drug discovery and development , 2000, Expert opinion on investigational drugs.

[7]  R. Pertwee,et al.  Cannabinoids control spasticity and tremor in a multiple sclerosis model , 2000, Nature.

[8]  M. Cortés,et al.  Anti-tumoral action of cannabinoids: Involvement of sustained ceramide accumulation and extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation , 2000, Nature Medicine.

[9]  E. Pop,et al.  Cannabinoids, endogenous ligands and synthetic analogs. , 1999, Current opinion in chemical biology.

[10]  R. Pertwee,et al.  Pharmacology of cannabinoid receptor ligands. , 1999, Current medicinal chemistry.

[11]  A. Makriyannis,et al.  Structure-activity relationships of anandamide, an endogenous cannabinoid ligand. , 1999, Life sciences.

[12]  A. Makriyannis,et al.  Novel analogues of arachidonylethanolamide (anandamide): affinities for the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors and metabolic stability. , 1998, Journal of medicinal chemistry.

[13]  J. Parrain,et al.  A Large Scale and Concise Synthesis of γ-Linolenic Acid from 4-Chlorobut-2-yn-1-ol , 1998 .

[14]  Z. Vogel,et al.  Anandamide may mediate sleep induction , 1997, Nature.

[15]  J. Rubin,et al.  Solid phase synthesis of fused bicyclic amino acid derivatives via intramolecular Pauson-Khand cyclization: Versatile scaffolds for combinatorial chemistry , 1997 .

[16]  Z. Vogel,et al.  Structural requirements for binding of anandamide-type compounds to the brain cannabinoid receptor. , 1997, Journal of medicinal chemistry.

[17]  A. Yamashita,et al.  2-Arachidonoylglycerol: a possible endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand in brain. , 1995, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[18]  Z. Vogel,et al.  Identification of an endogenous 2-monoglyceride, present in canine gut, that binds to cannabinoid receptors. , 1995, Biochemical pharmacology.

[19]  B. Thomas,et al.  Evaluation of cannabinoid receptor binding and in vivo activities for anandamide analogs. , 1995, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[20]  D. R. Compton,et al.  Pharmacological and behavioral evaluation of alkylated anandamide analogs. , 1995, Life sciences.

[21]  K. K. Pivnitsky,et al.  A Chemoselective Synthesis of Functionalized 1,4-Alkadiynes (Skipped Diacetylenes) , 1993 .

[22]  L. Crombie,et al.  Synthesis of the alkaloid homaline in (±) and natural (S,S)-(–) forms, using amination and transamidative ring expansion in liquid ammonia , 1993 .

[23]  D. Gibson,et al.  Isolation and structure of a brain constituent that binds to the cannabinoid receptor. , 1992, Science.

[24]  G. Linstrumelle,et al.  An efficient route to skipped diynes and triynes, (Z,Z) dienes and (Z,Z,Z) trienes , 1992 .