Application of Process Tomography to Multiphase Flow Measurement in Industrial and Biomedical Fields: A Review

This paper reviews the latest development and emerging technologies on the application of process tomography to multiphase flow measurement in industrial and biomedical fields. In the industrial applications, electrical resistance tomography and electrical capacitance tomography are popularly applied in multiphase flow measurement dependent on the electrical properties of the objects. In particular, applications to circulating fluidized bed, trickle-bed reactor and temperature measurement are discussed. In the biomedical applications, in most cases, measurement is conducted in a static condition. Two latest applications in flowing condition are reviewed, which are thrombus detection in blood flow and cell sensing with a microfluidic device. Finally, the challenges to process tomography for multiphase flow measurement on industrial and biomedical applications are addressed.

[1]  Tong Zhao,et al.  ECT measurement and CFD–DEM simulation of particle distribution in a down-flow fluidized bed , 2010 .

[2]  Rob M. Heethaar,et al.  On the flow dependency of the electrical conductivity of blood , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[3]  Masahiro Takei GVSPM image reconstruction for capacitance CT images of particles in a vertical pipe and comparison with the conventional method , 2006 .

[4]  Masahiro Takei,et al.  Development of electrical impedance tomography system for cell sedimentation detection in electrode-multilayered microchannel , 2016, 2016 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science (MHS).

[5]  G. Hahn,et al.  Monitoring of Regional Lung Ventilation Using Electrical Impedance Tomography After Cardiac Surgery in Infants and Children , 2014, Pediatric Cardiology.

[6]  Wuqiang Yang,et al.  Application of electrical capacitance tomography in particulate process measurement – A review , 2014 .

[7]  Volodymyr Mosorov,et al.  Measurement of velocity of gas/solid swirl flow using Electrical Capacitance Tomography and cross correlation technique , 2017 .

[8]  Trevor York,et al.  A miniature electrical capacitance tomograph , 2006 .

[9]  Ruzairi Abdul Rahim,et al.  Measurement and analysis of water/oil multiphase flow using Electrical Capacitance Tomography sensor , 2016 .

[10]  Masahiro Takei,et al.  Application of the generalized vector sampled pattern matching method to reconstruction of electrical capacitance CT images , 2004 .

[11]  T. Zhao,et al.  Measurement of particle concentration in powder coating process using capacitance computed tomography and wavelet analysis , 2009 .

[12]  Feng Dong,et al.  Analysis of response for magnetic induction tomography with internal source , 2016 .

[13]  Richard A Williams,et al.  Process tomography : principles, techniques and applications , 1995 .

[14]  Jonathan Seville,et al.  The residence time distribution and mixing of the gas phase in the riser of a circulating fluidized bed , 2010 .

[15]  Lihui Peng,et al.  Image reconstruction algorithms for electrical capacitance tomography , 2003 .

[16]  M. Raichle,et al.  Localization of a human system for sustained attention by positron emission tomography , 1991, Nature.

[17]  Manuchehr Soleimani,et al.  Crack detection in dielectric objects using electrical capacitance tomography , 2010 .

[18]  R H Bayford,et al.  Electrical impedance tomography spectroscopy (EITS) for human head imaging. , 2003, Physiological measurement.

[19]  M. Takei,et al.  Experimental Study on Liquid Spread and Maldistribution in the Trickle Bed Reactor Using Electrical Resistance Tomography , 2013 .

[20]  J Yao,et al.  Development of three-dimensional integrated microchannel-electrode system to understand the particles' movement with electrokinetics. , 2016, Biomicrofluidics.

[21]  Miryan Cassanello,et al.  Gas-liquid interfacial mass transfer in trickle-bed reactors at elevated pressures , 1998 .

[22]  David R. S. Cumming,et al.  Electrical impedance tomography for sensing with integrated microelectrodes on a CMOS microchip , 2007 .

[23]  D. Dobson,et al.  An image-enhancement technique for electrical impedance tomography , 1994 .

[24]  Wuqiang Yang,et al.  Hardware design of electrical capacitance tomography systems , 1996 .

[25]  Tomasz Dyakowski,et al.  Process tomography applied to multi-phase flow measurement , 1996 .

[26]  Andy Adler,et al.  Functional Validation and Comparison Framework for EIT Lung Imaging , 2014, PloS one.

[27]  G. Faggian,et al.  Past and present of cardiocirculatory assist devices: a comprehensive critical review , 2012, Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC.

[28]  Manuchehr Soleimani,et al.  Total Variation Regularization With Split Bregman-Based Method in Magnetic Induction Tomography Using Experimental Data , 2017, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[29]  Tong Zhao,et al.  Sensor design and image accuracy for application of capacitance CT to the petroleum refinery process , 2007 .

[30]  M. Takei,et al.  Noninvasive real-time 2D imaging of temperature distribution during the plastic pellet cooling process by using electrical capacitance tomography , 2015 .

[31]  Tushar Kanti Bera,et al.  Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)-based evaluation of biological tissue phantoms to study multifrequency electrical impedance tomography (Mf-EIT) systems , 2016, J. Vis..

[32]  C D Binnie,et al.  Factors limiting the application of electrical impedance tomography for identification of regional conductivity changes using scalp electrodes during epileptic seizures in humans , 2006, Physiological measurement.

[33]  D. Djajaputra Electrical Impedance Tomography: Methods, History and Applications , 2005 .

[34]  Tong Zhao,et al.  Investigation of pulsing flow regime transition and pulse characteristics in trickle-bed reactor by electrical resistance tomography , 2015 .

[35]  Mi Wang,et al.  Proper Orthogonal Decomposition as a technique for identifying two-phase flow pattern based on electrical impedance tomography , 2017 .

[36]  Eung Je Woo,et al.  Multi-Frequency Electrical Impedance Tomography System With Automatic Self-Calibration for Long-Term Monitoring , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems.

[37]  Tong Zhao,et al.  Three-dimensional simulation of the particle distribution in a downer using CFD–DEM and comparison with the results of ECT experiments , 2010 .

[38]  Tong Zhao,et al.  Discussion of the solids distribution behavior in a downer with new designed distributor based on concentration images obtained by electrical capacitance tomography , 2010 .

[39]  Nana Wang,et al.  Oil–water two-phase flow pattern analysis with ERT based measurement and multivariate maximum Lyapunov exponent , 2016 .

[40]  H. I. Schlaberg,et al.  A novel tomographic sensing system for high electrically conductive multiphase flow measurement , 2010 .

[41]  Feng Dong,et al.  Identification of gas/liquid two-phase flow regime through ERT-based measurement and feature extraction , 2007 .

[42]  Richard H. Bayford,et al.  Three-Dimensional Electrical Impedance Tomography of Human Brain Activity , 2001, NeuroImage.

[43]  B. Jacobson,et al.  Quantitative correlations among fibrinogen concentration, sedimentation rate and electrical impedance of blood , 1997, Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing.

[44]  B. Norrving,et al.  Global atlas on cardiovascular disease prevention and control. , 2011 .

[45]  Youchang Kim,et al.  A 4.9 mΩ-Sensitivity Mobile Electrical Impedance Tomography IC for Early Breast-Cancer Detection System , 2015, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[46]  Masahiro Takei,et al.  Application of electrical resistance tomography for thrombus visualization in blood , 2015 .

[47]  M. Takei,et al.  Noninvasive online measurement of particle size and concentration in liquid–particle mixture by estimating equivalent circuit of electrical double layer , 2016 .

[48]  M. Wang 2 – Electrical impedance tomography , 2015 .

[49]  R H Bayford,et al.  Electrical impedance tomography of human brain activity with a two-dimensional ring of scalp electrodes , 2001, Physiological measurement.

[50]  Wang Huaxiang,et al.  Two methods for measurement of gas-liquid flows in vertical upward pipe using dual-plane ERT system , 2004, Proceedings of the 21st IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37510).

[51]  Faïçal Larachi,et al.  High-Pressure Trickle-Bed Reactors: A Review , 1997 .

[52]  Tadakuni Murai,et al.  Electrical Impedance Computed Tomography Based on a Finite Element Model , 1985, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[53]  M. Soleimani,et al.  Deformable boundary EIT for breast cancer imaging , 2017 .

[54]  Yi Li,et al.  Gas/oil/water flow measurement by electrical capacitance tomography , 2012, 2012 IEEE International Conference on Imaging Systems and Techniques Proceedings.

[55]  D. Mewes,et al.  Tomographic Measurement Techniques – Visualization of Multiphase Flows , 1998 .

[56]  Stewart Smith,et al.  A Miniature Electrical Impedance Tomography Sensor and 3-D Image Reconstruction for Cell Imaging , 2017, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[57]  R. Harikumar,et al.  Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) and Its Medical Applications: A Review , 2013 .

[58]  Peter Kienbaum,et al.  Electrical impedance tomography during major open upper abdominal surgery: a pilot-study , 2014, BMC Anesthesiology.

[59]  Wuqiang Yang,et al.  Electrical capacitance tomography for gas–solids flow measurement for circulating fluidized beds , 2005 .

[60]  Haigang Wang,et al.  Image Reconstruction for Electrical Capacitance Tomography Based on Sparse Representation , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement.

[61]  U. Hampel,et al.  Three-dimensional simulation of multilayer particle deposition in an obstructed channel flow , 2014 .

[62]  Wuqiang Yang,et al.  A dual-modality electrical tomography sensor for measurement of gas–oil–water stratified flows , 2015 .

[63]  Tong Zhao,et al.  Experimental and numerical investigation of particle distribution behaviors in a rolling circulating fluidized bed , 2014 .

[64]  Masahiro Takei,et al.  Spatial concentration distribution analysis of cells in electrode-multilayered microchannel by dielectric property measurement. , 2015, Biomicrofluidics.

[65]  Tong Zhao,et al.  Wavelet analysis of the particle distribution in a down-flow fluidized bed based on electrical capacitance tomography images , 2011 .

[66]  K. Zauner,et al.  On-chip electrical impedance tomography for imaging biological cells. , 2010, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[67]  Wuqiang Yang,et al.  Design of electrical capacitance tomography sensors , 2010 .

[68]  Feng Dong,et al.  Reconstruction of the three-dimensional inclusion shapes using electrical capacitance tomography , 2014 .

[69]  Mi Wang,et al.  Electrical resistance tomography for process applications , 1996 .

[71]  Feng Dong,et al.  Application of electrical resistance tomography to two-phase pipe flow parameters measurement , 2003 .

[72]  D. Beebe,et al.  Physics and applications of microfluidics in biology. , 2002, Annual review of biomedical engineering.

[73]  Boris Rubinsky,et al.  Electrical impedance tomographic imaging of a single cell electroporation , 2014, Biomedical microdevices.

[74]  Tong Zhao,et al.  Investigation of bed-to-wall heat transfer characteristics in a rolling circulating fluidized bed , 2015 .

[75]  Youchang Kim,et al.  18.4 A 4.9mΩ-sensitivity mobile electrical impedance tomography IC for early breast-cancer detection system , 2014, 2014 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference Digest of Technical Papers (ISSCC).

[76]  Feng Dong,et al.  Gas-water two-phase flow characterization with Electrical Resistance Tomography and Multivariate Multiscale Entropy analysis. , 2015, ISA transactions.

[77]  Richard A Williams,et al.  Status and applications of microelectrical resistance tomography , 2000 .

[78]  Gerald L. Morrison,et al.  Characterization of Flow Homogeneity Downstream of a Slotted Orifice Plate in a Two-Phase Flow Using Electrical Resistance Tomography , 2016 .

[79]  David S. Holder,et al.  Imaging fast electrical activity in the brain with electrical impedance tomography , 2016, NeuroImage.

[80]  Masayuki Horio,et al.  Fluidization science, its development and future , 2010 .

[81]  Manuchehr Soleimani,et al.  Computational aspects of low frequency electrical and electromagnetic tomography: A review study , 2008 .

[82]  Zhipeng Wu,et al.  Issues of a Combination of Ultrasonic Doppler Velocity Measurement with a Venturi for Multiphase Flow Metering , 2013 .

[83]  Mi Wang,et al.  ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE TOMOGRAPHIC SENSING SYSTEMS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS , 1999 .

[84]  R. M. Fuoss,et al.  Electrical Properties of Solids. XI. Polyvinyl Acetate and Polyvinyl Chloroacetate , 1941 .

[85]  Tong Zhao,et al.  The effect of rolling amplitude and period on particle distribution behavior in a rolling circulating fluidized bed , 2016 .