Akustische Halluzinationen bei Patienten mit Schizophrenie-Spektrums-Störungen

Es gibt Hinweise, dass sich die Psychopathologie von psychotischen Patienten mit und ohne Traumatisierungen unterscheidet. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war es deshalb, Unterschiede in Bezug auf Stimmenphanomene bei N = 111 Patienten mit Schizophrenie-Spektrum-Storung mit und ohne fruhe Gewalterfahrungen zu untersuchen. Die Patienten wurden mithilfe des Strukturierten Traumainterviews in eine Gruppe mit Gewalterfahrungen vor dem 16. Lebensjahr und eine Gruppe ohne solche Gewalterfahrungen eingeteilt. Akustische verbale Halluzinationen wurden mithilfe einer modifizierten Version des Maastricht Interview for Voice Hearers erhoben. Die Gruppe mit Gewalterfahrungen empfanden Stimmenphanomene signifikant haufiger als »nicht unterscheidbar von den eigenen Gedanken« (67 % vs. 29 %), empfanden sich signifikant haufiger als »machtlos« gegenuber ihren Stimmen (100 % vs. 78 %) und hatten signifikant haufiger Stimmen mit ausschlieslich negativem Charakter (85 % vs. 51 %). Unsere Ergebnisse unterstutzen die Annahme, dass bestimmte psychotische Symptome Teil eines Reaktionsspektrums auf traumatische Lebensereignisse bilden konnten. Stimmenphanomene mit den oben genannten Charakteristika sollten fur eine etwaige Trauma-Anamnese sensibilisieren, insbesondere da inzwischen spezielle Therapieansatze fur Betroffene vorliegen.

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