A Refined Loss Evaluation of a Three-Switch Double Input DC-DC Converter for Hybrid Vehicle Applications

In this paper, an accurate efficiency evaluation of an innovative three-switch double input DC–DC converter for hybrid vehicle applications was carried out. The converter was used to interface two storages, (e.g., supercapacitor and battery) to the DC link. A refined model was created in MATLAB/Simulink Plecs environment and it was used to compare the traditional four-switch converter (i.e., two DC–DC converters in parallel connection) with the innovative three-switch converter. Loss and efficiency contour maps were obtained for both converters and a comparison between them was performed. A prototype of the three-switch converter was realized and used to validate the simulation thermal model by comparing both efficiency and current waveforms obtained with simulations and experimental tests.

[1]  Angelika Heinzel,et al.  Power Management Optimization of an Experimental Fuel Cell/Battery/Supercapacitor Hybrid System , 2015 .

[2]  M. Marchesoni,et al.  New DC–DC Converter for Energy Storage System Interfacing in Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicles , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[3]  A. Emadi,et al.  Power Management of an Ultracapacitor/Battery Hybrid Energy Storage System in an HEV , 2006, 2006 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.

[4]  Alireza Khaligh,et al.  A Supervisory Energy Management Control Strategy in a Battery/Ultracapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification.

[5]  Josep M. Guerrero,et al.  Modeling and Nonlinear Control of a Fuel Cell/Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System for Electric Vehicles , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[6]  Mario Marchesoni,et al.  Conceptual design upgrade on hybrid powertrains resulting from electric improvements , 2017 .

[7]  Mario Marchesoni,et al.  Electrical-Loss Analysis of Power-Split Hybrid Electric Vehicles , 2017 .

[8]  M. Marchesoni,et al.  Reliability analysis of a fuel cell electric city car , 2005, 2005 European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications.

[9]  Hewu Wang,et al.  Hybrid Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery and Lithium Titanate Battery Systems for Electric Buses , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[10]  Jun Peng,et al.  A MPC based energy management strategy for battery-supercapacitor combined energy storage system of HEV , 2016, CCC 2016.

[11]  Chester Coomer,et al.  Evaluation of the 2010 Toyota Prius Hybrid Synergy Drive System , 2011 .

[12]  M. Marchesoni,et al.  The average switch model of a new double-input DC/DC boost converter for hybrid fuel-cell vehicles , 2005, Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, 2005. ISIE 2005..

[13]  A. Emadi,et al.  A New Battery/UltraCapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System for Electric, Hybrid, and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[14]  Mario Marchesoni,et al.  Advantages of Using Supercapacitors and Silicon Carbide on Hybrid Vehicle Series Architecture , 2017 .

[15]  Xiangning He,et al.  Principle and Topology Synthesis of Integrated Single-Input Dual-Output and Dual-Input Single-Output DC–DC Converters , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[16]  Vijanth S. Asirvadam,et al.  Capacity study of lithium ion battery for hybrid electrical vehicle (HEV) a simulation approach , 2013, 2013 IEEE International Conference on Signal and Image Processing Applications.

[17]  Wei Wang,et al.  An Improved Energy Management Strategy for Hybrid Energy Storage System in Light Rail Vehicles , 2018 .

[18]  Qiao Zhang,et al.  An Adaptive Energy Management System for Electric Vehicles Based on Driving Cycle Identification and Wavelet Transform , 2016 .

[19]  Phatiphat Thounthong,et al.  Comparative Study of Fuel-Cell Vehicle Hybridization with Battery or Supercapacitor Storage Device , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[20]  Vicenç Puig,et al.  Optimal Sizing of Storage Elements for a Vehicle Based on Fuel Cells, Supercapacitors, and Batteries , 2019, Energies.

[21]  M. Marchesoni,et al.  A New Conversion System for the Interface of Generating and Storage Devices in Hybrid Fuel-Cell Vehicles , 2005, Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, 2005. ISIE 2005..

[22]  Massimiliano Passalacqua,et al.  Energy comparison between different parallel hybrid vehicles architectures , 2017 .

[23]  Amir Ganjavi,et al.  A Novel Single-Input Dual-Output Three-Level DC–DC Converter , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[24]  Alireza Khaligh,et al.  A Novel Integrated Magnetic Structure Based DC/DC Converter for Hybrid Battery/Ultracapacitor Energy Storage Systems , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[25]  M. Marchesoni,et al.  A new energy storage and conversion system for boat propulsion in protected marine areas , 2009, 2009 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power.

[26]  Samveg Saxena,et al.  Using CPE Function to Size Capacitor Storage for Electric Vehicles and Quantifying Battery Degradation during Different Driving Cycles , 2016 .

[27]  Richard Bucknall,et al.  Development and Evaluation of a Degree of Hybridisation Identification Strategy for a Fuel Cell Supercapacitor Hybrid Bus , 2019, Energies.

[28]  Julius Partridge,et al.  The Role of Supercapacitors in Regenerative Braking Systems , 2019, Energies.

[29]  Mario Marchesoni,et al.  Overview of different hybrid vehicle architectures , 2018 .

[30]  Mario Marchesoni,et al.  Fuel Economy and EMS for a Series Hybrid Vehicle Based on Supercapacitor Storage , 2019, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[31]  Jie Yao,et al.  The research of powertrain for supercapacitor-based series hybrid Bus , 2008, 2008 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.

[32]  Nasser L. Azad,et al.  Real-Time Nonlinear Model Predictive Control of a Battery–Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System in Electric Vehicles , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[33]  Yaow-Ming Chen,et al.  A Systematic Approach to Synthesizing Multi-Input DC/DC Converters , 2007, 2007 IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference.

[34]  Jorge Moreno,et al.  Energy-management system for a hybrid electric vehicle, using ultracapacitors and neural networks , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[35]  Hongwen He,et al.  Online Estimation of Peak Power Capability of Li-Ion Batteries in Electric Vehicles by a Hardware-in-Loop Approach , 2012 .

[36]  Hamid Gualous,et al.  DC/DC Converter Design for Supercapacitor and Battery Power Management in Hybrid Vehicle Applications—Polynomial Control Strategy , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[37]  Huiyu Zhou,et al.  Fuzzy Optimal Energy Management for Fuel Cell and Supercapacitor Systems Using Neural Network Based Driving Pattern Recognition , 2019, IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems.

[38]  Luo Honghai,et al.  A MPC based energy management strategy for battery-supercapacitor combined energy storage system of HEV , 2016, 2016 35th Chinese Control Conference (CCC).

[39]  Mario Marchesoni,et al.  Supercapacitor Storage Sizing Analysis for a Series Hybrid Vehicle , 2019 .

[40]  Rong-Jong Wai,et al.  High-Efficiency DC–DC Converter With Two Input Power Sources , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.