Time–Space Diagram Revisited

Widely used in the design and analysis of transportation systems, time–space diagrams were developed in an era of data scarcity, when it was necessary to obtain data by means of driver logs, human observers, and aerial photographs. This paper shows how time–space diagrams remain relevant today, in an era of data abundance. An application efficiently encodes the trajectories of bus GPS data in a time–space cube and uses simple geometric methods to calculate and to visualize the headways and separation of buses on a bus route. These methods are discussed in detail. How they can be used as the basis of a software package that monitors performance measures for a variety of applications is explored.

[1]  Menno-Jan Kraak,et al.  The space - time cube revisited from a geovisualization perspective , 2003 .

[2]  Antonin Guttman,et al.  R-trees: a dynamic index structure for spatial searching , 1984, SIGMOD '84.

[3]  Miguel A. Figliozzi,et al.  Empirical Findings of Bus Bunching Distributions and Attributes Using Archived AVL/APC Bus Data , 2011 .

[4]  Carlos F. Daganzo,et al.  Reducing bunching with bus-to-bus cooperation , 2011 .

[5]  R B Potts,et al.  Maintaining a bus schedule , 1964 .

[6]  Cade Braud,et al.  Traffic signal timing manual. , 2008 .

[7]  Dieter Pfoser,et al.  Novel Approaches in Query Processing for Moving Object Trajectories , 2000, VLDB 2000.

[8]  Jörg Sander,et al.  A Trajectory Splitting Model for Efficient Spatio-Temporal Indexing , 2005, VLDB.

[9]  Carlos F. Daganzo,et al.  Dynamic bus holding strategies for schedule reliability: Optimal linear control and performance analysis , 2011 .

[10]  Hans-Peter Kriegel,et al.  The R*-tree: an efficient and robust access method for points and rectangles , 1990, SIGMOD '90.

[11]  Carlos F. Daganzo,et al.  Fundamentals of Transportation and Traffic Operations , 1997 .

[12]  Chen Zhong,et al.  MetroBuzz: Interactive 3D visualization of spatiotemporal data , 2012, 2012 International Conference on Computer & Information Science (ICCIS).

[13]  Dieter Pfoser,et al.  Novel Approaches to the Indexing of Moving Object Trajectories , 2000, VLDB.

[14]  Carlos F. Daganzo,et al.  A headway-based approach to eliminate bus bunching: Systematic analysis and comparisons , 2009 .

[15]  Marios Hadjieleftheriou,et al.  R-Trees - A Dynamic Index Structure for Spatial Searching , 2008, ACM SIGSPATIAL International Workshop on Advances in Geographic Information Systems.

[16]  Minyan Ruan,et al.  An Investigation of Bus Headway Regularity and Service Performance in Chicago Bus Transit System , 2008 .

[17]  Jessica Fuerst,et al.  Airport Systems Planning Design And Management , 2016 .