CAMONET: Moth-Flame Optimization (MFO) Based Clustering Algorithm for VANETs

A network aggregated of wirelessly connected vehicles is recognized as vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). Clustering in vehicular network is a technique among many others, which targets to improve communication proficiency in VANETs. In each cluster, there is one cluster head (CH) used to manage the whole cluster. All the communications are accomplished by the CHs, i.e., inter-cluster and the intra-cluster communications. The efficiency of a network is measured by number of CHs, load on each CH and lifetime of clusters. In this paper, a novel Clustering Algorithm centered on Moth-Flame Optimization for VANETs (CAMONET) is anticipated. This is a nature-inspired algorithm. CAMONET generates optimized clusters for robust transmission. CAMONET is evaluated experimentally with renowned techniques, such as multiobjective particle swarm optimization, clustering algorithm based on ant colony optimization for VANETs, and comprehensive learning particle swarm optimization. To assess the comparative efficiency of these algorithms, numerous experiments are performed. The results are accomplished by modifying the values of grid size of the network, the number of nodes in the network, and the transmission range of nodes. The speed, direction, and transmission range of the nodes are the notable factors considered for optimized clustering. The results indicate that CAMONET delivers near optimal results that develops it into an efficient method to perform vehicular clustering in order to improve the overall performance of the network.

[1]  Jong Hyuk Park,et al.  An improved ant colony optimization-based approach with mobile sink for wireless sensor networks , 2017, The Journal of Supercomputing.

[2]  Winston Khoon Guan Seah,et al.  Mobility-based d-hop clustering algorithm for mobile ad hoc networks , 2004, 2004 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8733).

[3]  Sajal K. Das,et al.  WCA: A Weighted Clustering Algorithm for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks , 2002, Cluster Computing.

[4]  Marco Dorigo,et al.  Distributed Optimization by Ant Colonies , 1992 .

[5]  Ramez Elmasri,et al.  Optimizing clustering algorithm in mobile ad hoc networks using genetic algorithmic approach , 2002, Global Telecommunications Conference, 2002. GLOBECOM '02. IEEE.

[6]  Ameer Ahmed Abbasi,et al.  A survey on clustering algorithms for wireless sensor networks , 2007, Comput. Commun..

[7]  Changhe Li,et al.  A survey of swarm intelligence for dynamic optimization: Algorithms and applications , 2017, Swarm Evol. Comput..

[8]  Bin Li,et al.  Bio-inspired ant colony optimization based clustering algorithm with mobile sinks for applications in consumer home automation networks , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics.

[9]  Russell C. Eberhart,et al.  A new optimizer using particle swarm theory , 1995, MHS'95. Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Micro Machine and Human Science.

[10]  Rainer Storn,et al.  Differential Evolution – A Simple and Efficient Heuristic for global Optimization over Continuous Spaces , 1997, J. Glob. Optim..

[11]  Victor C. S. Lee,et al.  An Efficient Cluster-Based Data Sharing Algorithm for Bidirectional Road Scenario in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks , 2015, ICA3PP.

[12]  Kaushik Padmanabhan,et al.  Improving QoS in VANET Using Dynamic Clustering Technique , 2016 .

[13]  Qiang Ye,et al.  CFT: A Cluster-based File Transfer Scheme for highway VANETs , 2017, 2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC).

[14]  Indrajit Ray,et al.  Optimal security hardening using multi-objective optimization on attack tree models of networks , 2007, CCS '07.

[15]  Farrukh Aslam Khan,et al.  Energy-efficient clustering in mobile ad-hoc networks using multi-objective particle swarm optimization , 2012, Appl. Soft Comput..

[16]  Bin Li,et al.  Particle swarm optimization based clustering algorithm with mobile sink for WSNs , 2017, Future Gener. Comput. Syst..

[17]  Mario Gerla,et al.  Energy efficient clustering in ad hoc networks , 2000 .

[18]  Salabat Khan,et al.  CACONET: Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) Based Clustering Algorithm for VANET , 2016, PloS one.

[19]  Seyed Mohammad Mirjalili,et al.  Moth-flame optimization algorithm: A novel nature-inspired heuristic paradigm , 2015, Knowl. Based Syst..

[20]  Prithwish Basu,et al.  A mobility based metric for clustering in mobile ad hoc networks , 2001, Proceedings 21st International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops.

[21]  Dhyey Patel,et al.  Overview of Routing Protocols in VANET , 2016 .

[22]  Anis Laouiti,et al.  A multi-objective genetic algorithm-based adaptive weighted clustering protocol in VANET , 2015, 2015 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC).

[23]  Shahram Jamali,et al.  Routing Algorithm for Vehicular Ad Hoc Network Based on Dynamic Ant Colony Optimization , 2016 .

[24]  Xianghan Zheng,et al.  Distributed multi-hop clustering algorithm for VANETs based on neighborhood follow , 2015, EURASIP J. Wirel. Commun. Netw..

[25]  Ganapati Panda,et al.  A survey on nature inspired metaheuristic algorithms for partitional clustering , 2014, Swarm Evol. Comput..

[26]  Ahmad Khademzadeh,et al.  VWCA: An efficient clustering algorithm in vehicular ad hoc networks , 2011, J. Netw. Comput. Appl..

[27]  David H. Wolpert,et al.  No free lunch theorems for optimization , 1997, IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput..

[28]  Pierre Hansen,et al.  NP-hardness of Euclidean sum-of-squares clustering , 2008, Machine Learning.

[29]  Zaydoun Y. Rawashdeh,et al.  A novel algorithm to form stable clusters in vehicular ad hoc networks on highways , 2012, EURASIP J. Wirel. Commun. Netw..

[30]  Farrukh Aslam Khan,et al.  Clustering in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Using Comprehensive Learning Particle Swarm Optimization (CLPSO) , 2009, FGIT-FGCN.

[31]  Jong Hyuk Park,et al.  ALCA: agent learning–based clustering algorithm in vehicular ad hoc networks , 2012, Personal and Ubiquitous Computing.

[32]  Xin Yao,et al.  Evolutionary programming made faster , 1999, IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput..

[33]  Jonathan Bennie,et al.  The ecological impacts of nighttime light pollution: a mechanistic appraisal , 2013, Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society.

[34]  Janez Bester,et al.  A survey on clustering algorithms for vehicular ad-hoc networks , 2012, 2012 35th International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP).

[35]  Montserrat Ros,et al.  A Comparative Survey of VANET Clustering Techniques , 2017, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[36]  Seyed Mohammad Mirjalili,et al.  An improved heat transfer search algorithm for unconstrained optimization problems , 2019, J. Comput. Des. Eng..