Neighborhood structural disadvantage, collective efficacy, and self-rated physical health in an urban setting.

Our analyses examine the role neighborhood structural characteristics--including concentrated disadvantage, residential instability, and immigrant concentration--as well as collective efficacy in promoting physical health among neighborhood residents. Using data from the 1990 census, the 1994 Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods Community Survey, and the 1991-2000 Metropolitan Chicago Information Center-Metro Survey, we model the effects of individual and neighborhood level factors on self-rated physical health employing hierarchical ordered logit models. First, we find that neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage is not significantly related to self-rated physical health when individual level demographic and health background are controlled. Second, individuals residing in neighborhoods with higher levels of collective efficacy report better overall health. Finally, socioeconomic disadvantage and collective efficacy condition the positive effects of individual level education on physical health.

[1]  L. Berkman,et al.  From social integration to health: Durkheim in the new millennium. , 2000, Social science & medicine.

[2]  A. Bandura.  Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory , 1985 .

[3]  R. Hauser,et al.  Socioeconomic status and health at midlife. A comparison of educational attainment with occupation-based indicators. , 2001, Annals of epidemiology.

[4]  S. Hwang,et al.  Asthma hospitalization rates and socioeconomic status in New York State (1987-1993). , 1999, The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma.

[5]  Myfanwy Morgan,et al.  Health Status and Health Policy: Allocating Resources to Health Care , 1994 .

[6]  L. Wirth,et al.  Urbanism as a Way of Life , 1938, American Journal of Sociology.

[7]  S. Raudenbush,et al.  Assesing the effects of context in studies of child and youth development , 1999 .

[8]  Robert E. Park,et al.  The City: Suggestions for the Investigation of Human Behavior in the City Environment , 1915, American Journal of Sociology.

[9]  H. D. McKay,et al.  Juvenile Delinquency and Urban Areas , 1943 .

[10]  P. Hawe,et al.  Social capital and health promotion: a review. , 2000, Social science & medicine.

[11]  S. Robert.  SOCIOECONOMIC POSITION AND HEALTH: The Independent Contribution of Community Socioeconomic Context1 , 1999 .

[12]  I. Kawachi.  Social cohesion, social capital and health , 2000 .

[13]  J. Sundquist,et al.  Neighborhood environment and self-reported health status: a multilevel analysis. , 1999, American journal of public health.

[14]  I. Kawachi,et al.  Social capital, income inequality, and mortality. , 1997, American journal of public health.

[15]  J. Coleman.  Foundations of Social Theory , 1990 .

[16]  Suzanne G. Leveille,et al.  Educational differences in the prevalence of mobility disability in old age: the dynamics of incidence, mortality, and recovery. , 2001, The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences.

[17]  A. Lusky,et al.  Subjective state of health and survival in elderly adults. , 1988, Journal of gerontology.

[18]  Shawna V. Hudson,et al.  The Meanings of Self-Ratings of Health , 1999 .

[19]  E Shapiro,et al.  Self-rated health: a predictor of mortality among the elderly. , 1982, American journal of public health.

[20]  Roel Bosker,et al.  Multilevel analysis : an introduction to basic and advanced multilevel modeling , 1999 .

[21]  M. Marmot,et al.  Social inequalities in health: next questions and converging evidence. , 1997, Social science & medicine.

[22]  R. Faris.  Mental disorders in urban areas , 1939 .

[23]  S. Raudenbush,et al.  Neighborhoods and violent crime: a multilevel study of collective efficacy. , 1997, Science.

[24]  Y. Benyamini,et al.  Community Studies Reporting Association between Self-Rated Health and Mortality , 1999 .

[25]  W. Strawbridge,et al.  Factors Associated with Change in Physical Functioning in the Elderly , 1993 .

[26]  J. House,et al.  Age, socioeconomic status, and health. , 1990, The Milbank quarterly.

[27]  Anthony S. Bryk,et al.  Hierarchical Linear Models: Applications and Data Analysis Methods , 1992 .

[28]  Christopher R. Browning,et al.  Neighborhood Structure, Social Organization, and Number of Short-Term Sexual Partnerships , 2003 .

[29]  W. Hadden,et al.  The increasing disparity in mortality between socioeconomic groups in the United States, 1960 and 1986. , 1993, The New England journal of medicine.

[30]  M. Farmer,et al.  Health trajectories: long-term dynamics among black and white adults. , 1997, Journal of health and social behavior.

[31]  Y. Benyamini,et al.  Self-rated health and mortality: a review of twenty-seven community studies. , 1997, Journal of health and social behavior.

[32]  Robert J. Sampson,et al.  Beyond Social Capital: Spatial Dynamics of Collective Efficacy for Children , 1999, American Sociological Review.

[33]  S. Kasl,et al.  Self-ratings of health: do they also predict change in functional ability? , 1995, The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences.

[34]  Christopher R. Browning.  The Span of Collective Efficacy: Extending Social Disorganization Theory to Partner Violence , 2002 .