Optimierung von Unternehmensarchitekturen unter Berücksichtigung von Transitionskosten

ZusammenfassungUnternehmensarchitekturen, die sich üblicherweise von der Geschäftsschicht über die Anwendungsschicht bis zur Infrastrukturschicht erstrecken, bieten eine Möglichkeit, die Geschäftsstrategie innerhalb der IT umzusetzen. Um dies erreichen zu können, werden Unternehmensarchitekturen kontinuierlich gepflegt. Dazu gehört unter anderem, dass unnötige Elemente aus der Unternehmensarchitektur entfernt werden und diese somit optimiert wird.In einem vorangegangenen Artikel haben wir bereits untersucht, wie auf Basis der Repräsentation einer Unternehmensarchitektur als Graph eine Optimierung ermittelt werden kann. Dieser Ansatz unterscheidet allerdings nicht, ob die Elemente dem Ist-Zustand zuzurechnen sind oder ihr Einsatz bisher nur geplant ist. Dementsprechend werden auch die notwendigen Transitionskosten, um vom Ist-Zustand zum optimalen Zustand zu gelangen, nicht berücksichtigt. Dies kann zu unwirtschaftlichen Ergebnissen führen. In dieser Arbeit stellen wir deswegen eine Erweiterung unseres Ansatzes vor, der notwendige Transitionskosten berücksichtigt. Dafür betrachten wir den aktuellen Stand der Unternehmensarchitektur und weisen jeder Änderung daran die zugehörigen Transitionskosten zu. Diese werden gegen die Betriebskosten aufgewogen, was zu wirtschaftlicheren Optimierungslösungen führt.AbstractIT becomes more and more important for business in the last decades. Simultaneous, the IT pervades the business more and more and becomes ubiquitous. This raises also the complexity of the information systems and their interrelations. With rising complexity of the information systems it becomes harder to ensure the IT/business alignment. One way to achieve the IT/business alignment is EA (Enterprise Architecture). One goal of EA is, for example, to consolidate the IT landscape.In our previous research, we developed an approach to optimize an EA with the means of linear programming, which can be applied to consolidate the IT landscape. However, this approach does not consider transition costs and, therefore, might produce uneconomical results. Within this paper, we suggest an extension of our previous work introducing transition costs. To do so, we take the as-is EA into account and apply transition costs to changes which are outweighed against operation costs. This leads to more economical optimization results.

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