Nanotechnology and DNA Delivery

Nonviral DNA delivery systems have great therapeutic and prophylactic potential, but their clinical utility has been limited by three major barriers: (1) inefficient uptake by the cell, (2) insufficient release of DNA within the cell, and (3) ineffective nuclear targeting and transport. Since the size of most cells is in the micrometer regime and the space inside a cell is extremely crowded, ideal DNA delivery systems must be in the nanometer range. Advancements in nanoscale science and nanotechnology have provided us with novel nanoparticles that may overcome all of these barriers, leading to higher-efficiency DNA delivery. This review article will focus on the recent developments in nanoscale DNA delivery systems that consist of chemical dendrimers, DNA dendrimers, nanospheres, nanolayers, nanorods, and nanotubes. The future of DNA delivery systems that interface with nanotechnology is also discussed.

[1]  Dan Luo,et al.  Cellular Fate of a Modular DNA Delivery System Mediated by Silica Nanoparticles , 2008, Biotechnology progress.

[2]  H. Nalwa.  Handbook of Nanostructured Biomaterials and Their Applications in Nanobiotechnology , 2006 .

[3]  M. Prato,et al.  Binding and condensation of plasmid DNA onto functionalized carbon nanotubes: toward the construction of nanotube-based gene delivery vectors. , 2005, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[4]  L. Dai,et al.  Asymmetric end-functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. , 2005, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[5]  Tatiana Segura,et al.  Crosslinked hyaluronic acid hydrogels: a strategy to functionalize and pattern. , 2005, Biomaterials.

[6]  Tymish Y. Ohulchanskyy,et al.  Optical tracking of organically modified silica nanoparticles as DNA carriers: a nonviral, nanomedicine approach for gene delivery. , 2005, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[7]  M. Prato,et al.  Translocation of bioactive peptides across cell membranes by carbon nanotubes. , 2004, Chemical communications.

[8]  C. Batt,et al.  Intercalation, delivery, and expression of the gene encoding green fluorescence protein utilizing nanobiohybrids. , 2004, Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society.

[9]  Jong-sang Park,et al.  PAMAM-PEG-PAMAM: novel triblock copolymer as a biocompatible and efficient gene delivery carrier. , 2004, Biomacromolecules.

[10]  Victor S-Y Lin,et al.  A polyamidoamine dendrimer-capped mesoporous silica nanosphere-based gene transfection reagent. , 2004, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[11]  Thommey P. Thomas,et al.  In vitro targeting of synthesized antibody-conjugated dendrimer nanoparticles. , 2004, Biomacromolecules.

[12]  R. Lockey,et al.  Cationic silica nanoparticles as gene carriers: synthesis, characterization and transfection efficiency in vitro and in vivo. , 2004, Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology.

[13]  W. Saltzman,et al.  Surface-mediated gene transfer from nanocomposites of controlled texture , 2004, Nature materials.

[14]  H. Dai,et al.  Nanotube molecular transporters: internalization of carbon nanotube-protein conjugates into Mammalian cells. , 2004, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[15]  Bethany Halford,et al.  Buckyballs Damage Bass Brains , 2004 .

[16]  D. Luo,et al.  A self-assembled, modular DNA delivery system mediated by silica nanoparticles. , 2004, Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society.

[17]  Qing Ge,et al.  Molecularly engineered poly(ortho ester) microspheres for enhanced delivery of DNA vaccines , 2004, Nature materials.

[18]  K. Dreher,et al.  Health and environmental impact of nanotechnology: toxicological assessment of manufactured nanoparticles. , 2003, Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

[19]  T. Segura,et al.  Substrate-mediated DNA delivery: role of the cationic polymer structure and extent of modification. , 2003, Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society.

[20]  Y. Lim,et al.  Polyplexes assembled with internally quaternized PAMAM-OH dendrimer and plasmid DNA have a neutral surface and gene delivery potency. , 2003, Bioconjugate chemistry.

[21]  Dan Luo,et al.  The road from biology to materials , 2003 .

[22]  K. Leong,et al.  Multifunctional nanorods for gene delivery , 2003, Nature materials.

[23]  J. Whitton,et al.  "Translocatory proteins" and "protein transduction domains": a critical analysis of their biological effects and the underlying mechanisms. , 2003, Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy.

[24]  J. Rosenecker,et al.  The Magnetofection Method: Using Magnetic Force to Enhance Gene Delivery , 2003, Biological chemistry.

[25]  B. Bauer,et al.  Structure and Dimensions of PAMAM/PEG Dendrimer−Star Polymers , 2003 .

[26]  Marie Carrière,et al.  NLS bioconjugates for targeting therapeutic genes to the nucleus. , 2003, Advanced drug delivery reviews.

[27]  Jean M. J. Fréchet,et al.  Dendrimers and supramolecular chemistry , 2002, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[28]  D. Luo,et al.  Poly(ethylene glycol)-Conjugated PAMAM Dendrimer for Biocompatible, High-Efficiency DNA Delivery , 2002 .

[29]  Tatiana Segura,et al.  Surface-tethered DNA complexes for enhanced gene delivery. , 2002, Bioconjugate chemistry.

[30]  C. Niemeyer,et al.  DNA microarrays with PAMAM dendritic linker systems. , 2002, Nucleic acids research.

[31]  J. Fréchet,et al.  Dendrimers and Other Dendritic Polymers: Frechet/Dendrimers , 2001 .

[32]  C. Niemeyer,et al.  Dendrimer‐Activated Solid Supports for Nucleic Acid and Protein Microarrays , 2001, Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology.

[33]  D. Tomalia,et al.  Poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers: from biomimicry to drug delivery and biomedical applications. , 2001, Drug discovery today.

[34]  T. Schiestel,et al.  A nonviral DNA delivery system based on surface modified silica-nanoparticles can efficiently transfect cells in vitro. , 2000, Bioconjugate chemistry.

[35]  W. Mark Saltzman,et al.  Enhancement of transfection by physical concentration of DNA at the cell surface , 2000, Nature Biotechnology.

[36]  T. Schiestel,et al.  Silica nanoparticles modified with aminosilanes as carriers for plasmid DNA. , 2000, International journal of pharmaceutics.

[37]  J. Baker,et al.  DNA complexing with polyamidoamine dendrimers: implications for transfection. , 1999, Bioconjugate chemistry.

[38]  Alexander R. Trimble,et al.  Dendrimer‐Based Self‐Assembled Monolayers as Resists for Scanning Probe Lithography , 1999 .

[39]  C. Plank,et al.  Application of membrane-active peptides for drug and gene delivery across cellular membranes. , 1998, Advanced drug delivery reviews.

[40]  J Langowski,et al.  DNA curvature in solution measured by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. , 1998, Biochemistry.

[41]  Jean Sturm,et al.  Persistence Length of Single-Stranded DNA , 1997 .

[42]  G. Elliott,et al.  Intercellular Trafficking and Protein Delivery by a Herpesvirus Structural Protein , 1997, Cell.

[43]  F. Szoka,et al.  In vitro gene delivery by degraded polyamidoamine dendrimers. , 1996, Bioconjugate chemistry.

[44]  J. Baker,et al.  Efficient transfer of genetic material into mammalian cells using Starburst polyamidoamine dendrimers. , 1996, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[45]  Ari Helenius,et al.  Stepwise dismantling of adenovirus 2 during entry into cells , 1993, Cell.

[46]  F. Szoka,et al.  Polyamidoamine cascade polymers mediate efficient transfection of cells in culture. , 1993, Bioconjugate chemistry.

[47]  K. Zatloukal,et al.  Influenza virus hemagglutinin HA-2 N-terminal fusogenic peptides augment gene transfer by transferrin-polylysine-DNA complexes: toward a synthetic virus-like gene-transfer vehicle. , 1992, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[48]  N. Seeman,et al.  Synthesis from DNA of a molecule with the connectivity of a cube , 1991, Nature.

[49]  S. J. Flint,et al.  Characterization of the adenovirus 2 virion protein, mu. , 1989, Virology.

[50]  Thommey P. Thomas,et al.  Synthesis and functional evaluation of DNA-assembled polyamidoamine dendrimer clusters for cancer cell-specific targeting. , 2005, Chemistry & biology.

[51]  K. Kono,et al.  Transfection activity of polyamidoamine dendrimers having hydrophobic amino acid residues in the periphery. , 2005, Bioconjugate chemistry.

[52]  P. McEuen,et al.  Controlled assembly of dendrimer-like DNA , 2004, Nature materials.

[53]  J Henke,et al.  Magnetofection: enhancing and targeting gene delivery by magnetic force in vitro and in vivo , 2002, Gene Therapy.

[54]  Jean M. J. Fréchet,et al.  Dendrimers and other dendritic polymers , 2001 .

[55]  W. Mark Saltzman,et al.  Synthetic DNA delivery systems , 2000, Nature Biotechnology.

[56]  Michelle D. Wang,et al.  Estimating the persistence length of a worm-like chain molecule from force-extension measurements. , 1999, Biophysical journal.

[57]  James R. Dewald,et al.  A New Class of Polymers: Starburst-Dendritic Macromolecules , 1985 .