Biochemical utilization of agro-industrial lignocelluloses rich waste for cellulase production.

Division of Post Harvest Management, Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture,Lucknow  227 107E-mail:dev.biochem@gmail.comAbstracts: Cellulose is the most abundantrenewable natural biological resource, and theproduction of bio-based products and bioenergyfrom less costly renewable lignocellulosesmaterials in form of agro-industrial biologicalwaste. The cost of enzyme production can besignificantly reduced if low value biologicalsubstrates like fruit processing waste. The cost oflignocelluloses raw material influences theeconomy of many fermentation processes, hencethe cost play a decisive role in future and scope ofindustries employing fermentation processes.Discarded plant parts like peels of fruits and agroharvest, paper huge waste in the civil area andgenerate obnoxious odour, can be effectivelyutilized for the production of cellulase enzymes.The recognition that environmental pollution is aworldwide threat to public health has given rise toa new massive industry for environmentalrestoration. Submerged and solid tate fermentationsystems have been used to produce compounds ofindustrial interest from lignocellulose, as analternative for valorization of these wastes and alsoto solve environmental problems caused by theirdisposal. When submerged fermentation systemsare used, a previous stage of hydrolysis forseparation of the lignocellulose constituents isrequired. The major constituents of lignocelluloseare cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, polymersthat are closely associated with each otherconstituting the cellular complex of the vegetalbiomass It can be degraded by cellulase enzymecomplex and is deceptively simple chemically, apolymer consisting only of glucose linked onlyby †1, 4 bonds. Cellulase refers to a classof enzymes produced chiefly by fungi, bacteria,and protozoans that catalyze cellulolysis (i .e.he hydrolysis of cellulose). So with help of valuablemicrobe agro industrial waste which is rich inlignocelluloses product could be used as media forenzyme production. The review discuss currentknowledge on cellulase production bymicroorganism, and it discusss the industrialapplication of cellulase and up coming challenge incellulase research especially in the direction ofimproving the process of economies of enzymeproduction.Key words

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