The responses of front‐line employees to market‐oriented culture change

A theme emerging from research into the determinants, content and consequences of market orientation is that developing a market‐oriented culture exerts a profound influence on the organizational culture of a company. Explores and describes the manner and forms of front‐line employees’ responses to market‐oriented culture change initiatives. The paper begins with a brief overview of existing literature discussing the definition and components of a market orientation. Thereafter, extant research into the consequences of developing a market‐oriented culture is reviewed critically. After detailing the research design and methodology adopted in this study, the summary findings of two in‐depth case studies are presented. The findings indicate that front‐line employees respond differentially to market‐oriented culture change programmes. Concludes with a series of implications for both marketing and culture theorists and practitioners.

[1]  E. Schein Organizational Culture and Leadership , 1991 .

[2]  S. Kelley Developing Customer Orientation among Service Employees , 1992 .

[3]  F. Webster Defining the new marketing concept (Part 1) , 1994 .

[4]  Gordon E. Greenley Market Orientation and Company Performance: Empirical Evidence From UK Companies , 1995 .

[5]  Gordon E. Greenley Invited Comment on the Market Orientation Content of ‘A Critical Review of Research in Marketing’ , 1995 .

[6]  Franklin S. Houston The Marketing Concept: What it is and What it is Not , 1986 .

[7]  Jean-Jacques Lambin,et al.  Market-Driven Management , 2000 .

[8]  Nigel F. Piercy,et al.  Marketing Concepts and Actions: Implementing Marketing‐led Strategic Change , 1990 .

[9]  M. Alvesson,et al.  On the Idea of Emancipation in Management and Organization Studies , 1992 .

[10]  C. Grönroos Defining Marketing: A Market‐Oriented Approach , 1989 .

[11]  John C. Narver,et al.  The Effect of a Market Orientation on Business Profitability , 1990 .

[12]  W. Gibb Dyer,et al.  Better Stories, Not Better Constructs, To Generate Better Theory: A Rejoinder to Eisenhardt , 1991 .

[13]  J. Farley,et al.  Corporate Culture, Customer Orientation, and Innovativeness in Japanese Firms: A Quadrad Analysis , 1993 .

[14]  Bernard J. Jaworski,et al.  Market orientation: Antecedents and consequences , 1993 .

[15]  J. Dart,et al.  Measuring market orientation: A multi‐factor, multi‐item approach , 1994 .

[16]  M. Hatch The Dynamics of Organizational Culture , 1993 .

[17]  J. O'Shaughnessy,et al.  Marketing Concept and Customer Orientation , 1986 .

[18]  Pasquale Gagliardi,et al.  The Creation and Change of Organizational Cultures: A Conceptual Framework , 1986 .

[19]  C. Geertz,et al.  The Interpretation of Cultures , 1973 .

[20]  T. Bonoma Case Research in Marketing: Opportunities, Problems, and a Process , 1985 .

[21]  Gilbert A. Churchill,et al.  Marketing Research: Methodological Foundations , 1976 .

[22]  Bernard J. Jaworski,et al.  Market orientation in United States and Scandinavian companies. A cross-cultural study , 1996 .

[23]  L. Harris,et al.  Barriers to Marketing Development in the Barristers’ Profession , 1998 .

[24]  S. Robbins Organization theory: Structure, design, and applications , 1987 .

[25]  B. Turner,et al.  Grounded Theory and Organizational Research , 1986 .

[26]  Emmanuel Okechukwu Ogbonna,et al.  Managing Organisational Culture: Fantasy Or Reality? , 1992 .

[27]  A. Felton,et al.  Making the marketing concept work , 1959 .

[28]  Gordon E. Greenley FORMS OF MARKET ORIENTATION IN UK COMPANIES , 1995 .

[29]  Cynthia Webster What Kind of Marketing Culture Exists in Your Service Firm? An Audit , 1992 .

[30]  Stephen King Has marketing failed, or was it never really tried? 1 , 1985 .

[31]  J. Tropman,et al.  The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling , 1984 .

[32]  John C. Narver,et al.  Market Orientation and the Learning Organization , 1995 .

[33]  J. V. Maanen,et al.  The Fact of Fiction in Organizational Ethnography. , 1979 .

[34]  Barry Turner,et al.  Some practical aspects of qualitative data analysis: One way of organising the cognitive processes associated with the generation of grounded theory , 1981 .

[35]  R. Whittington,et al.  Professional Ideology and Marketing Implementation , 1992 .

[36]  R. Merton,et al.  The Focused Interview: A Manual of Problems and Procedures , 1990 .

[37]  Robert G. Cooper,et al.  Beyond the marketing concept , 1979 .

[38]  T. Watson Rhetoric, Discourse and Argument in Organizational Sense Making: A Reflexive Tale , 1995 .

[39]  John,et al.  Reclaiming Qualitative Methods for Organizational Research: A Preface. , 1979 .

[40]  Leyland Pitt,et al.  Market orientation and business performance: some European evidence , 1996 .

[41]  Judy A. Siguaw,et al.  The Influence of the Market Orientation of the Firm on Sales Force Behavior and Attitudes , 1994 .

[42]  G. Day The Capabilities of Market-Driven Organizations , 1994 .

[43]  L. Harris Cultural obstacles to market orientation , 1996 .

[44]  Nigel F. Piercy,et al.  The logic of being illogical in strategic marketing planning , 1989 .

[45]  S. Linstead,et al.  On Reading Organizational Culture , 1992 .

[46]  C. Ray Corporate Culture: The Last Frontier Of Control?[1] , 1986 .

[47]  H. Willmott STRENGTH IS IGNORANCE; SLAVERY IS FREEDOM: MANAGING CULTURE IN MODERN ORGANIZATIONS* , 1993 .

[48]  Cynthia M. Webster,et al.  Refinement of the marketing culture scale and the relationship between marketing culture and profitability of a service firm , 1993 .

[49]  L. Harris,et al.  Strategic human resource management, market orientation, and organizational performance , 2001 .

[50]  E. E. Messikomer MARKETING CHANGES THE CORPORATE CULTURE , 1987 .

[51]  Cynthia M. Webster Toward the measurement of the marketing culture of a service firm , 1990 .

[52]  B. Schneider,et al.  The service organization: Human resources management is crucial , 1993 .

[53]  E. Gummesson Marketing‐orientation Revisited: The Crucial Role of the Part‐time Marketer , 1991 .

[54]  Richard T. Pascale,et al.  The Paradox of “Corporate Culture”: Reconciling Ourselves to Socialization , 1985 .

[55]  Emmanuel Okechukwu Ogbonna,et al.  Managing Organizational Culture: Compliance or Genuine Change? , 1998 .

[56]  D. Knights,et al.  The Consumer Rules , 1994 .

[57]  A note on cultural consistency within the service firm: The effects of employee position on attitudes toward marketing culture , 1991 .

[58]  L. Harris Cultural domination: the key to market‐oriented culture? , 1998 .

[59]  Robert W. Ruekert Developing a market orientation: An organizational strategy perspective , 1992 .

[60]  Barry Wilkinson,et al.  Corporate Strategy and Corporate Culture: The View from the Checkout , 1990 .

[61]  A. Diamantopoulos,et al.  Narver and Slater, Kohli and Jaworski and the market orientation construct: integration and internationalization , 1995 .

[62]  Bernard J. Jaworski,et al.  Market orientation: The construct, research propositions, and managerial implications. , 1990 .

[63]  M. Miles Qualitative Data as an Attractive Nuisance: The Problem of Analysis , 1979 .

[64]  John C. Narver,et al.  Does Competitive Environment Moderate the Market Orientation-Performance Relationship?: , 1994 .

[65]  Ruth N. Bolton,et al.  A Longitudinal Analysis of the Impact of Service Changes on Customer Attitudes , 1991 .