Subgroup analysis in randomised controlled trials: importance, indications, and interpretation
暂无分享,去创建一个
[1] W. Kalow,et al. SOME STATISTICAL DATA ON ATYPICAL CHOLINESTERASE OF HUMAN SERUM , 1959, Annals of human genetics.
[2] V. McKusick,et al. Genetic Control of Isoniazid Metabolism in Man , 1960, British medical journal.
[3] J. Tukey. The Future of Data Analysis , 1962 .
[4] C. Ruckley,et al. Prevention of pulmonary embolism. , 1973, British medical journal.
[5] E. Veys,et al. Letter: HL-A and infective sacroileitis. , 1974, Lancet.
[6] H. Keen,et al. ORAL HYPOGLYCÆMICS IN DIABETES MELLITUS , 1975, The Lancet.
[7] M. Lipton,et al. The VA cooperative randomized study of surgery for coronary arterial occlusive disease II. Subgroup with significant left main lesions. , 1976, Circulation.
[8] R. Hardy,et al. Controlled Trial of Aspirin in Cerebral Ischemia , 1977, Stroke.
[9] R. Hardy,et al. Controlled Trial of Aspirin in Cerebral Ischemia (AITIA Study) , 1979, Thrombosis and Haemostasis.
[10] F. Pedersen,et al. EFFECT OF ALPRENOLOL ON MORTALITY AMONG PATIENTS WITH DEFINITE OR SUSPECTED ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION Preliminary Results , 1979, The Lancet.
[11] Furberg Cd,et al. What do subgroup analyses reveal about differential response to beta-blocker therapy? The Beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial experience. , 1983 .
[12] R Peto,et al. Why do we need some large, simple randomized trials? , 1984, Statistics in medicine.
[13] R. Peto,et al. Beta blockade during and after myocardial infarction: an overview of the randomized trials. , 1985, Progress in cardiovascular diseases.
[14] Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Soprawivenza nell'Inf Miocardico.,et al. EFFECTIVENESS OF INTRAVENOUS THROMBOLYTIC TREATMENT IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION , 1986, The Lancet.
[15] C. Bulpitt,et al. Influence of antihypertensive drug treatment on morbidity and mortality in patients over the age of 60 years. European Working Party on High blood pressure in the Elderly (EWPHE) results: sub-group analysis on entry stratification. , 1986, Journal of hypertension. Supplement : official journal of the International Society of Hypertension.
[16] Robert S. Pinals,et al. A double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial , 1986 .
[17] M A Fischl,et al. The efficacy of azidothymidine (AZT) in the treatment of patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. , 1987, The New England journal of medicine.
[18] S. Pocock,et al. Statistical problems in the reporting of clinical trials. A survey of three medical journals. , 1987, The New England journal of medicine.
[19] R. Wittes. Problems in the medical interpretation of overviews. , 1987, Statistics in medicine.
[20] R A Stallones,et al. The use and abuse of subgroup analysis in epidemiological research. , 1987, Preventive medicine.
[21] R. Gelber,et al. Interpretation of results from subset analyses within overviews of randomized clinical trials. , 1987, Statistics in medicine.
[22] Sarah Parish,et al. Randomized trial of intravenous streptokinase, oral aspirin, both, or neither among 17,187 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction: ISIS-2.ISIS-2 (Second International Study of Infarct Survival) Collaborative Group. , 1988, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
[23] Jack Cuzick,et al. Effects of adjuvant tamoxifen and of cytotoxic therapy on mortality in early breast cancer. An overview of 61 randomized trials among 28,896 women , 1988 .
[24] Eli Warnock,et al. The effect of diltiazem on mortality and reinfarction after myocardial infarction. , 1989, The New England journal of medicine.
[25] G. Rose. High-risk and population strategies of prevention: ethical considerations. , 1989, Annals of medicine.
[26] S. Pocock,et al. Estimation issues in clinical trials and overviews. , 1990, Statistics in medicine.
[27] M. Horowitz,et al. How best to analyse new strategies in bone marrow transplantation. , 1990, Bone marrow transplantation.
[28] J. Wittes,et al. Analysis and interpretation of treatment effects in subgroups of patients in randomized clinical trials. , 1991, JAMA.
[29] K. Anastos,et al. Hypertension in women: what is really known? The Women's Caucus, Working Group on Women's Health of the Society of General Internal Medicine. , 1991, Annals of internal medicine.
[30] G H Guyatt,et al. A Consumer's Guide to Subgroup Analyses , 1992, Annals of Internal Medicine.
[31] A Morabito,et al. Prevention of First Bleeding in Cirrhosis , 1992, Annals of Internal Medicine.
[32] J. Collet,et al. An Effect Model for the Assessment of Drug Benefit: Example of Antiarrhythmic Drugs in Postmyocardial Infarction Patients , 1993, Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology.
[33] Johan Herlitz,et al. Indications for fibrinolytic therapy in suspected acute myocardial infarction : collaborative overview of early mortality and major morbidity results from all randomised trials of more than 1000 patients , 1994 .
[34] Ann Marie Swart,et al. Concorde: MRC/ANRS randomised double-blind controlled trial of immediate and deferred zidovudine in symptom-free HIV infection , 1994, The Lancet.
[35] T. Chalmers,et al. Effect of coronary artery bypass graft surgery on survival: overview of 10-year results from randomised trials by the Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Trialists Collaboration , 1994, The Lancet.
[36] Walker,et al. Collaborative overview of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy Prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke by prolonged antiplatelet therapy in various categories of patients , 1994 .
[37] K. Bailey,et al. Generalizing the results of randomized clinical trials. , 1994, Controlled clinical trials.
[38] Concorde trial of immediate versus deferred zidovudine. , 1994, Lancet.
[39] D. Sackett,et al. Inpatient general medicine is evidence based , 1995, The Lancet.
[40] J. G. Evans,et al. Evidence-based and evidence-biased medicine. , 1995, Age and ageing.
[41] P. Rothwell,et al. Can overall results of clinical trials be applied to all patients? , 1995, The Lancet.
[42] Raymond C. Schneider,et al. ISIS-4: A randomised factorial trial assessing early oral captopril, oral mononitrate, and intravenous magnesium sulphate in 58 050 patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction , 1995, The Lancet.
[43] Extrapolation of Trials Data into Practice: Where Is the Limit? , 1995 .
[44] R. Falk,et al. Is aspirin safe for patients with heart failure? , 1995, British heart journal.
[45] D. Sackett. Applying overviews and meta-analyses at the bedside. , 1995, Journal of clinical epidemiology.
[46] W. Mali,et al. Cerebral metabolism of patients with stenosis or occlusion of the internal carotid artery. A 1H-MR spectroscopic imaging study. , 1995, Stroke.
[47] I. Tannock,et al. False-positive results in clinical trials: multiple significance tests and the problem of unreported comparisons. , 1996, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
[48] R. Macnaughton,et al. Evidence in consultations: interpreted and individualised , 1996, The Lancet.
[49] P. Macfarlane,et al. West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study: Identification of high-risk groups and comparison with other cardiovascular intervention trials , 1996 .
[50] C M O'Connor,et al. Effect of amlodipine on morbidity and mortality in severe chronic heart failure. Prospective Randomized Amlodipine Survival Evaluation Study Group. , 1996, The New England journal of medicine.
[51] David J. Weatherall,et al. Oxford textbook of medicine , 1996 .
[52] J. Slattery,et al. A systematic comparison of the risks of stroke and death due to carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic and asymptomatic stenosis. , 1996, Stroke.
[53] Peter Sandercock,et al. The International Stroke Trial (IST): a randomised trial of aspirin, subcutaneous heparin, both, or neither among 19 435 patients with acute ischaemic stroke , 1997, The Lancet.
[54] P. Ridker,et al. Inflammation, aspirin, and the risk of cardiovascular disease in apparently healthy men. , 1997, The New England journal of medicine.
[55] J. Berlin,et al. Effect of anti-lymphocyte induction therapy on renal allograft survival: a meta-analysis. , 1997, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN.
[56] George Davey Smith,et al. Meta-analysis: Beyond the grand mean? , 1997, BMJ.
[57] C. Warlow,et al. Systematic review of evidence on thrombolytic therapy for acute ischaemic stroke , 1997, The Lancet.
[58] R. Califf,et al. A comparison of low-molecular-weight heparin with unfractionated heparin for unstable coronary artery disease. Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Enoxaparin in Non-Q-Wave Coronary Events Study Group. , 1997 .
[59] A. Feinstein,et al. Problems in the "evidence" of "evidence-based medicine". , 1997, The American journal of medicine.
[60] J. Cutler,et al. Effect of Antihypertensive Drug Treatment on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Women and Men , 1997, Annals of Internal Medicine.
[61] Christina Wolfson,et al. Randomised trial of home-based psychosocial nursing intervention for patients recovering from myocardial infarction , 1997, The Lancet.
[62] J. Lau,et al. The impact of high-risk patients on the results of clinical trials. , 1997, Journal of clinical epidemiology.
[63] J. Berlin,et al. The Effect of Antilymphocyte Induction Therapy on Renal Allograft Survival , 1998, Annals of Internal Medicine.
[64] Didier Martin,et al. Unruptured intracranial aneurysms--risk of rupture and risks of surgical intervention. , 1998, The New England journal of medicine.
[65] Identification des sujets répondeurs à une thérapeutique : Proposition de modèle et application préliminaire à l'hypertension , 1998 .
[66] S. Burdett,et al. Postoperative radiotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data from nine randomised controlled trials , 1998, The Lancet.
[67] J. Slattery,et al. Randomised trial of endarterectomy for recently symptomatic carotid stenosis: final results of the MRC European Carotid Surgery Trial (ECST) , 1998, The Lancet.
[68] William J. Powers,et al. Importance of Hemodynamic Factors in the Prognosis of Symptomatic Carotid Occlusion , 1998 .
[69] S. Senn. Applying results of randomised trials to patients , 1998, BMJ.
[70] P. Corey,et al. Incidence of Adverse Drug Reactions in Hospitalized Patients , 2012 .
[71] E. Kun,et al. Treatment of Cancer , 1998 .
[72] A R Feinstein,et al. The problem of cogent subgroups: a clinicostatistical tragedy. , 1998, Journal of clinical epidemiology.
[73] Christopher H Schmid,et al. Summing up evidence: one answer is not always enough , 1998, The Lancet.
[74] J. Toole,et al. Guidelines for carotid endarterectomy: a statement for healthcare professionals from a Special Writing Group of the Stroke Council, American Heart Association. , 1998, Circulation.
[75] Identification and prediction of responders to a therapy: A model and its preliminary application to actual data , 1998 .
[76] D. Sackett,et al. Benefit of carotid endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic moderate or severe stenosis. North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. , 1998, The New England journal of medicine.
[77] J. Toole,et al. Guidelines for carotid endarterectomy: a statement for healthcare professionals from a special writing group of the Stroke Council, American Heart Association. , 1998, Stroke.
[78] T. Fahey. Applying the results of clinical trials to patients to general practice: perceived problems, strengths, assumptions, and challenges for the future. , 1998, The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners.
[79] J Lau,et al. Uncontrolled pearls, controlled evidence, meta-analysis and the individual patient. , 1998, Journal of clinical epidemiology.
[80] D. Black. The Limitations of Evidence , 2015, Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London.
[81] D. Sackett,et al. Finding and applying evidence during clinical rounds: the "evidence cart". , 1998, JAMA.
[82] W. Hacke,et al. Thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke: controlled trials and clinical experience. , 1999, Neurology.
[83] J. Gladman,et al. Limitations of clinical diagnosis in acute stroke , 1999, The Lancet.
[84] R Brian Haynes,et al. Low-dose and high-dose acetylsalicylic acid for patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy: a randomised controlled trial , 1999, The Lancet.
[85] David Mant,et al. Can randomised trials inform clinical decisions about individual patients? , 1999, The Lancet.
[86] C. Warlow,et al. Prediction of benefit from carotid endar terectomy in individual patients: a risk-modelling study , 1999, The Lancet.
[87] Karla Kerlikowske,et al. Antihypertensive drugs in very old people: a subgroup meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials , 1999, The Lancet.
[88] J. Swales. Evidence-based medicine and hypertension. , 1999, Journal of hypertension.
[89] S. Assmann,et al. Subgroup analysis and other (mis)uses of baseline data in clinical trials , 2000, The Lancet.
[90] A. Keech,et al. Effect of Pravastatin on Coronary Disease Events in Subgroups Defined by Coronary Risk Factors: The Prospective Pravastatin Pooling Project , 2000, Circulation.
[91] I. Chalmers. A Patient's Attitude to the Use of Research Evidence for Guiding Individual Choices and Decisions in Healthcare , 2000 .
[92] Salim Yusuf,et al. Long-term ACE-inhibitor therapy in patients with heart failure or left-ventricular dysfunction: a systematic overview of data from individual patients , 2000, The Lancet.
[93] E. Antman,et al. The TIMI risk score for unstable angina/non-ST elevation MI: A method for prognostication and therapeutic decision making. , 2000, JAMA.
[94] J L Hutton,et al. Assessing the potential for bias in meta-analysis due to selective reporting of subgroup analyses within studies. , 2000, Statistics in medicine.
[95] A. Kastrati,et al. Treatment of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection with roxithromycin and effect on neointima proliferation after coronary stent placement (ISAR-3): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial , 2001, The Lancet.
[96] E. Antman,et al. The TIMI risk score for unstable angina/non–ST-elevation MI: a method for prognostication and therapeutic decision making , 2001 .
[97] T. Peters,et al. Subgroup analyses in randomised controlled trials: quantifying the risks of false-positives and false-negatives. , 2001, Health technology assessment.
[98] L. Caplan,et al. Evidence based medicine: concerns of a clinical neurologist , 2001, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.
[99] D. Moher,et al. The Revised CONSORT Statement for Reporting Randomized Trials: Explanation and Elaboration , 2001, Annals of Internal Medicine.
[100] Morris J. Brown,et al. Matching the right drug to the right patient in essential hypertension , 2001, Heart.
[101] E. Oren,et al. Potential role of pharmacogenomics in reducing adverse drug reactions: a systematic review. , 2001, JAMA.
[102] E. Susser,et al. Reporting on methods of subgroup analysis in clinical trials: a survey of four scientific journals. , 2001, Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas.
[103] M. Woodward,et al. Randomised trial of a perindopril-based blood pressure lowering regimen among 6,105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack , 2001 .
[104] P. Ghahramani,et al. Aspirin for primary prevention of coronary heart disease: safety and absolute benefit related to coronary risk derived from meta-analysis of randomised trials , 2001, Heart.
[105] R. Collins,et al. Reliable assessment of the effects of treatment on mortality and major morbidity, I: clinical trials , 2001, The Lancet.
[106] Thompson G. Robinson,et al. National Clinical Guidelines for Stroke. , 2001 .
[107] D. Johnston. Randomised trial of a perindopril-based blood-pressure-lowering regimen among 6105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack , 2001, The Lancet.
[108] S. Yusuf. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Commentary , 2002 .
[109] James F Sallis,et al. AHA Guidelines for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke: 2002 Update: Consensus Panel Guide to Comprehensive Risk Reduction for Adult Patients Without Coronary or Other Atherosclerotic Vascular Diseases. American Heart Association Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee. , 2002, Circulation.
[110] S. Yusuf,et al. Benefit of Clopidogrel in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes Without ST-Segment Elevation in Various Risk Groups , 2002, Circulation.
[111] P. Quirke,et al. DNA markers predicting benefit from adjuvant fluorouracil in patients with colon cancer: a molecular study , 2002, The Lancet.
[112] E. Schiffrin,et al. The 2001 Canadian recommendations for the management of hypertension: Part two--Therapy. , 2002, The Canadian journal of cardiology.
[113] J. Hampton. Size isn't everything , 2002, Statistics in medicine.
[114] R. Collins,et al. Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies , 2002, The Lancet.
[115] AndrewJ. S. Coats. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20 536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebocontrolled trial , 2002, The Lancet.
[116] E. Bleecker,et al. Estrogen-receptor polymorphisms and effects of estrogen replacement on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in women with coronary disease. , 2002, The New England journal of medicine.
[117] Yi Tsong,et al. ISSUES RELATED TO SUBGROUP ANALYSIS IN CLINICAL TRIALS , 2002, Journal of biopharmaceutical statistics.
[118] A. Telenti,et al. Individualising HIV treatment—pharmacogenetics and immunogenetics , 2002, The Lancet.
[119] R. Weinshilboum. Inheritance and drug response. , 2003, The New England journal of medicine.
[120] A. Blamire,et al. Interictal cellular energy reserves in migraineurs with prolonged aura or coma and migrainous stroke: A brain P-31-MR-spectroscopy study , 2003 .
[121] P. Rothwell,et al. Relationship Between Blood Pressure and Stroke Risk in Patients With Symptomatic Carotid Occlusive Disease , 2003, Stroke.
[122] P. Rothwell,et al. Systematic review of the risks of carotid endarterectomy in relation to the clinical indication for and timing of surgery. , 2003, Stroke.
[123] G. Wagner,et al. Quantitative analysis of the admission electrocardiogram identifies patients with unstable coronary artery disease who benefit the most from early invasive treatment. , 2003, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
[124] M. Eliasziw,et al. Analysis of pooled data from the randomised controlled trials of endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis , 2003, The Lancet.
[125] J. Rouleau,et al. Neurohormones and oxidative stress in nonischemic cardiomyopathy: relationship to survival and the effect of treatment with amlodipine. , 2003, American heart journal.
[126] Syed Mohsin,et al. Gene expression profiling for the prediction of therapeutic response to docetaxel in patients with breast cancer , 2003, The Lancet.
[127] P. Rothwell,et al. Population based study of early risk of stroke after transient ischaemic attack or minor stroke: implications for public education and organisation of services , 2004, BMJ : British Medical Journal.
[128] P. Rothwell,et al. Early risk of recurrence by subtype of ischemic stroke in population-based incidence studies , 2004, Neurology.
[129] M. Eliasziw,et al. Endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis in relation to clinical subgroups and timing of surgery , 2004, The Lancet.
[130] P. Rothwell,et al. External validity of randomised controlled trials: “To whom do the results of this trial apply?” , 2005, The Lancet.