Elevator Sizing, Placement, and Control-Relevant Tradeoffs for Hypersonic Vehicles

Within this paper, control-relevant vehicle design concepts are examined using a widely used 3 DOF (plus flexibility) nonlinear model for the longitudinal dynamics of a generic carrot-shaped scramjet powered hypersonic vehicle. The impact of elevator size and placement on control-relevant static properties (e.g. level-flight trimmable region, trim controls, Angle of Attack (AOA), thrust margin) and dynamic properties (e.g. instability and right half plane zero associated with flight path angle) are examined. Elevator usage has been examine for a class of typical hypersonic trajectories.

[1]  David B. Doman,et al.  Combined Reference Governor and Anti-windup Design for Constrained Hypersonic Vehicles Models , 2009 .

[2]  Walter C. Engelund,et al.  Hyper-X Research Vehicle Experimental Aerodynamics Test Program Overview , 2001 .

[3]  Richard A. Oman,et al.  A REVIEW OF HYPERSONIC FLOW SEPARATION AND CONTROL CHARACTERISTICS , 1962 .

[4]  Michael A. Bolender,et al.  Effects of Unsteady and Viscous Aerodynamics on the Dynamics of a Flexible Air-breathing Hypersonic Vehicle , 2007 .

[5]  David B. Doman,et al.  Nonlinear Longitudinal Dynamical Model of an Air-Breathing Hypersonic Vehicle , 2007 .

[6]  Christian Breitsamter,et al.  Lateral-Directional Coupling and Unsteady Aerodynamic Effects of Hypersonic Vehicles , 2001 .

[7]  Walter C. Engelund,et al.  Integrated Aeropropulsive Computational Fluid Dynamics Methodology for the Hyper-X Flight Experiment , 2001 .

[8]  David B. Doman,et al.  Output feedback control and sensor placement for a hypersonic vehicle model , 2007 .

[9]  David B. Doman,et al.  LPV Control Design for Over-actuated Hypersonic Vehicles Models , 2009 .

[10]  J. Anderson,et al.  Hypersonic and High-Temperature Gas Dynamics, Third Edition , 2006 .

[11]  A. Teel,et al.  The L2 anti-winup problem: Its definition and solution , 1997, 1997 European Control Conference (ECC).

[12]  Kathryn E. Wurster,et al.  Boundary-Layer Transition on X-43A , 2010 .

[13]  D.B. Doman,et al.  Progress in Guidance and Control Research for Space Access and Hypersonic Vehicles , 2006, Proceedings of the 45th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.

[14]  Michael A. Bolender,et al.  An Aerothermal Flexible Mode Analysis of a Hypersonic Vehicle (Postprint) , 2006 .

[15]  William H. Heiser,et al.  Hypersonic Airbreathing Propulsion , 1994 .

[16]  Flight Control of Hypersonic Scramjet Vehicles Using a Differential Algebraic Approach (Postprint) , 2006 .

[17]  Michael Richard,et al.  The X-43A Six Degree of Freedom Monte Carlo Analysis , 2008 .

[18]  Scott A. Berry,et al.  Hypersonic Boundary-Layer Trip Development for Hyper-X , 2000 .

[19]  Michael A. Bolender,et al.  Aerothermal Modeling and Dynamic Analysis of a Hypersonic Vehicle , 2007 .

[20]  David B. Doman,et al.  A Hypersonic Vehicle Model Developed With Piston Theory (Preprint) , 2006 .

[21]  David B. Doman,et al.  A Flexible Hypersonic Vehicle Model Developed With Piston Theory (Preprint) , 2006 .

[22]  Srikanth Sridharan,et al.  Control-Relevant Modeling, Analysis, and Design for Scramjet-Powered Hypersonic Vehicles , 2009 .

[23]  J. M. Underwood,et al.  Development of aerodynamic uncertainties for the Space Shuttle Orbiter , 1983 .

[24]  Andrea Serrani,et al.  Integrated adaptive guidance and control of constrained nonlinear air-breathing hypersonic vehicle models , 2009, 2009 American Control Conference.

[25]  David B. Doman,et al.  Anti-Windup Control for an Air-Breathing Hypersonic Vehicle Model , 2006 .

[26]  Ryan P. Starkey,et al.  Rapid Conceptual Design and Analysis of a Hypersonic Air-Breathing Missile , 2008 .

[27]  Charles McClinton,et al.  X-43 - Scramjet Power Breaks the Hypersonic Barrier: Dryden Lectureship in Research for 2006 , 2006 .

[28]  Srikanth Sridharan,et al.  Constraint enforcement for scramjet-powered hypersonic vehicles with significant aero-elastic-propulsion interactions , 2009, 2009 American Control Conference.

[29]  Michael A. Bolender,et al.  Modeling Unsteady Heating Effects on the Structural Dynamics of a Hypersonic Vehicle , 2006 .

[30]  Srikanth Sridharan,et al.  Decentralized Control of an Airbreathing Scramjet-Powered Hypersonic Vehicle , 2009 .

[31]  Takeshi Tsuchiya,et al.  Optimal Design of Two-Stage-To-Orbit Space Planes with Airbreathing Engines , 2005 .

[32]  Michael A. Bolender,et al.  Hypersonic Vehicle Thrust Sensitivity to Angle of Attack and Mach Number , 2009 .

[33]  David B. Doman,et al.  Control-Oriented Modeling of an Air-Breathing Hypersonic Vehicle , 2007 .

[34]  John Terry White,et al.  X-43A Flight-Test-Determined Aerodynamic Force and Moment Characteristics at Mach 7.0 , 2008 .

[35]  Michael A. Bolender,et al.  Approximate Feedback Linearization of an Air-Breathing Hypersonic Vehicle (PREPRINT) , 2005 .

[36]  G. Stein,et al.  Respect the unstable , 2003 .

[37]  Dario H. Baldelli,et al.  Nonlinear aeroelastic/aeroservoelastic modeling by block-oriented identification , 2005 .

[38]  Curtis Peebles,et al.  Road to Mach 10 : lessons learned from the X-43A flight research program , 2008 .

[39]  David B. Doman,et al.  Robust Linear Output Feedback Control of an Airbreathing Hypersonic Vehicle , 2008 .

[40]  Anthony J. Calise,et al.  Robust control of hypersonic vehicles considering propulsive and aeroelastic effects , 1993 .

[41]  Michael A. Bolender,et al.  A Non-Linear Model for the Longitudinal Dynamics of a Hypersonic Air-breathing Vehicle , 2005 .

[42]  Marty Brenner,et al.  Robust Aeroservoelastic Stability Analysis: Flight Test Applications , 2011 .

[43]  Michael A. Bolender,et al.  NONLINEAR ROBUST/ADAPTIVE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR AN AIR- BREATHING HYPERSONIC VEHICLE MODEL (PREPRINT) , 2007 .

[44]  D. Glass Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC) Thermal Protection Systems (TPS) and Hot Structures for Hypersonic Vehicles , 2008 .

[45]  Anthony J. Calise,et al.  Uncertainty Modeling and Fixed-Order Controller Design for a Hypersonic Vehicle Model , 1997 .

[46]  Michael A. Bolender,et al.  Flight Path Angle Dynamics of Air-breathing Hypersonic Vehicles , 2006 .

[47]  Rick Lind,et al.  Control-oriented analysis of thermal gradients for a hypersonic vehicle , 2009, 2009 American Control Conference.

[48]  Srikanth Sridharan,et al.  Modeling and Control of Scramjet-Powered Hypersonic Vehicles: Challenges, Trends, & Tradeoffs , 2008 .

[49]  Brent R. Cobleigh Development of the X-33 Aerodynamic Uncertainty Model , 1998 .

[50]  Charles R. Mcclinton,et al.  Hyper-X: Flight Validation of Hypersonic Airbreathing Technology , 1997 .

[51]  Robert F. Stengel,et al.  Robust Nonlinear Control of a Hypersonic Aircraft , 1999 .

[52]  D.B. Doman,et al.  Control of an unstable, nonminimum phase hypersonic vehicle model , 2006, 2006 IEEE Aerospace Conference.

[53]  Michael A. Bolender,et al.  Tracking Control for an Overactuated Hypersonic Air-Breathing Vehicle with Steady State Constraints (PREPRINT) , 2006 .

[54]  Andrea Serrani,et al.  Reference Command Tracking for a Linearized Model of an Air-breathing Hypersonic Vehicle , 2005 .