Inelastic x-ray scattering study of plasmon dispersions in solid and liquid Rb

The plasmon dispersion relations in solid and liquid Rb were determined by inelastic x-ray scattering techniques. In liquid Rb, the plasmon energy increases with the momentum transfer $q$, whereas in solid Rb, the dispersion curve exhibits a cusplike shape. We also found that the plasmon linewidth in liquid Rb is narrower than that in solid Rb near $q=0$. These features suggest that the conduction electrons in liquid Rb are more suitably described by the electron gas model than in solid Rb, since the electron gas model predicts a smooth increase in the plasmon energy with $q$ and the infinite lifetime at $q=0$. The origins of the observed variations in the plasmon energy and the linewidth upon melting are investigated with the aid of theoretical calculations.

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