On Measuring Skewness and Elongation in Common Stock Return Distributions: The Case of the Market Index

This article is an exploratory investigation of the distributional properties of market index returns using J. W. Tukey's g and h distributions. Specifically, it is shown that over sufficiently long periods of time, the distribution of the market index is adequately explained as a skewed, elongated (g x h) distribution. Estimates of skewness and elongation are developed that are easy to calculate and are robust with respect to outliers. Functional forms for the appropr iate distributions are provided. The findings reported here have implications for understanding skewness and elongation, developing appropriate portfolio strategies, and devising pricing models incorporating higher moments. Copyright 1988 by the University of Chicago.