H.264 scalable encoding/decording method and apparatus for performing interlayer prediction using selected interpolator filter based on the cbp

An apparatus and a method for encoding/decoding an H.264 scalable image are provided to increase the encoding efficiency of a remaining signal generated through estimation between space layers. A CBP(Coded Block Pattern) of a macro block included in a lower-layered image frame is tested(S1). The lower-layered image frame is interpolated to have the same resolution as an upper-layered image frame to be encoded by using an interpolation filter selected based on the tested CBP(S7). The interpolated lower-layered image frame and the upper-layered image frame are deducted to generate a remaining image, and the generated remaining image is encoded(S9).