Some strategies for experimentation under operational constraints

In quality and reliability engineering, design of experiments as an efficient empirical approach to characterization and optimization of products and processes has been well established. However, its actual application in industry could at times be impeded by constraints related to physical arrangements, costs, time, or irrecoverable sample damages. To enhance the feasibility and effectiveness of design of experiments, some practical strategies for overcoming such difficulties are discussed in this paper, with an application in industrial practice as an illustration.