MIMO SAR Chirp Modulation Diversity Waveform Design

Waveform diversity design is a vital issue in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems because the waveforms should have good orthogonality, high coherence, and large time-bandwidth product. However, most of the existing waveforms are not suitable for MIMO SAR and difficult to be implemented in a real-life scene. This letter investigates a scheme for designing chirp modulation diversity waveforms with large time-bandwidth product, constant modulus, implementation simplicity, good Doppler tolerance, and orthogonality. The four waveforms are orthogonal on both transmit and receive. The waveform performances are investigated through the correlation and ambiguity functions. Numerical results validate the superiorities of the designed four waveforms in MIMO SAR high-resolution imaging.

[1]  Wen-Qin Wang,et al.  Mitigating Range Ambiguities in High-PRF SAR With OFDM Waveform Diversity , 2013, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters.

[2]  John C. Curlander,et al.  Synthetic Aperture Radar: Systems and Signal Processing , 1991 .

[3]  Pierfrancesco Lombardo,et al.  Exploiting MIMO SAR Potentialities With Efficient Cross-Track Constellation Configurations for Improved Range Resolution , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[4]  Wen-Qin Wang,et al.  Multi-Antenna Synthetic Aperture Radar , 2013 .

[5]  Chau Yuen,et al.  Adaptive Distributed MIMO Radar Waveform Optimization Based on Mutual Information , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.

[6]  Gerhard Krieger,et al.  MIMO-SAR: Opportunities and Pitfalls , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[7]  Werner Wiesbeck,et al.  A Novel OFDM Chirp Waveform Scheme for Use of Multiple Transmitters in SAR , 2013, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters.

[8]  Charles V. Jakowatz,et al.  Spotlight-Mode Synthetic Aperture Radar: A Signal Processing Approach , 1996 .

[9]  Nathan A. Goodman,et al.  Theory and Application of SNR and Mutual Information Matched Illumination Waveforms , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.

[10]  N. Levanon,et al.  RADAR SIGNALS , 2013 .

[11]  Alexander G. Yarovoy,et al.  A Sparse Aperture MIMO-SAR-Based UWB Imaging System for Concealed Weapon Detection , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[12]  Ishuwa C. Sikaneta,et al.  MIMO SAR Processing for Multichannel High-Resolution Wide-Swath Radars , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[13]  Rick S. Blum,et al.  MIMO radar waveform design based on mutual information and minimum mean-square error estimation , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.

[14]  J. Mittermayer,et al.  Analysis of range ambiguity suppression in SAR by up and down chirp modulation for point and distributed targets , 2003, IGARSS 2003. 2003 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37477).

[15]  Jie Wang,et al.  MIMO FMCW SAR system using beat-frequency division waveforms , 2012, 2012 IEEE International Conference on Imaging Systems and Techniques Proceedings.

[16]  S.U. Pillai,et al.  Effect of earth's rotation and range foldover on space-based radar performance , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.

[17]  Wen-Qin Wang,et al.  Waveform-Diversity-Based Millimeter-Wave UAV SAR Remote Sensing , 2009, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens..

[18]  Wen-Qin Wang,et al.  Large-Area Remote Sensing in High-Altitude High-Speed Platform Using MIMO SAR , 2013, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing.

[19]  Muralidhar Rangaswamy,et al.  A novel approach for designing diversity radar waveforms that are orthogonal on both transmit and receive , 2013, 2013 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarCon13).

[20]  Xiang-Gen Xia,et al.  MIMO-SAR waveform separation based on inter-pulse phase modulation and range-Doppler decouple filtering , 2013 .

[21]  Hao He,et al.  Waveform Design for Active Sensing Systems: A Computational Approach , 2012 .

[22]  M. Picciolo,et al.  Adaptive LFM waveform diversity , 2008, 2008 IEEE Radar Conference.

[23]  Arye Nehorai,et al.  OFDM MIMO Radar With Mutual-Information Waveform Design for Low-Grazing Angle Tracking , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[24]  S. Welstead.  Characterization of diversity approaches for LFM stretch-processed waveforms , 2007, 2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference.