3D Surface Imaging in Medicine:: A Review of Working Principles and Implications for Imaging the Unsedated Child

This article provides an overview of the methods used for optical surface imaging during the last 30 years, with the primary focus on the imaging of the unsedated child. The goal is to provide the reader with an overview of the working methods behind the published articles. This will enable the reader to better interpret current data and decide if a certain approach is suitable for their particular research question.

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[2]  J. Waddington,et al.  Facial surface analysis by 3D laser scanning and geometric morphometrics in relation to sexual dimorphism in cerebral–craniofacial morphogenesis and cognitive function , 2005, Journal of anatomy.

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[18]  T. Littlefield,et al.  Comparison of Plaster Casting with Three-Dimensional Cranial Imaging , 2005, The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association.

[19]  P K Commean,et al.  Precision of surface measurements for below-knee residua. , 1996, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[20]  T. Coward,et al.  Laser scanning for the identification of repeatable landmarks of the ears and face. , 1997, British journal of plastic surgery.

[21]  M Sakuda,et al.  Rapid three-dimensional measuring system for facial surface structure. , 1998, Plastic and reconstructive surgery.

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[23]  P K Commean,et al.  Validation of spiral CT and optical surface scanning for lower limb stump volumetry , 1995, Prosthetics and orthotics international.

[24]  B. Kusnoto,et al.  Reliability of a 3D surface laser scanner for orthodontic applications. , 2002, American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics.

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[27]  S. Richmond,et al.  Reliability of measuring facial morphology with a 3-dimensional laser scanning system. , 2005, American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics.

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[29]  K. Bush,et al.  Three-dimensional facial anthropometry using a laser surface scanner: validation of the technique. , 1996, Plastic and reconstructive surgery.

[30]  H Ainsworth,et al.  An assessment of a stereophotogrammetric technique for the study of facial morphology in the child. , 1976, Annals of human biology.

[31]  O M Antonyshyn,et al.  Facial asymmetry: three-dimensional analysis using laser surface scanning. , 1999, Plastic and reconstructive surgery.

[32]  R T Lipczynski,et al.  The three dimensional reconstruction and monitoring of facial surfaces. , 1994, Medical engineering & physics.

[33]  C H Kau,et al.  The feasibility of measuring three-dimensional facial morphology in children. , 2004, Orthodontics & craniofacial research.

[34]  J. Daw,et al.  Three-dimensional technology for documentation and record keeping for patients with facial clefts. , 2004, Clinics in plastic surgery.

[35]  S. Schubert,et al.  Dreidimensionale Bildakquisition zur Analyse der primären, spaltbedingten Gesichtsdeformität mit einem optoelektronischen Oberflächenscanner , 2002, Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie.

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[37]  G M West,et al.  Reliability and repeatability of 3-D body scanner (LASS) measurements compared to anthropometry. , 1994, Annals of human biology.

[38]  M. Yoshino,et al.  Volumetric evaluation of facial swelling utilizing a 3-D range camera. , 2004, International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

[39]  M. Krimmel,et al.  [3-dimensional image acquisition for analysis of primary, cleft-induced facial deformity with an optoelectronic surface scanner]. , 2002, Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie.

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[41]  M W Vannier,et al.  Anthropometric Optical Surface Imaging System Repeatability, Precision, and Validation , 1995, Annals of plastic surgery.

[42]  F C van Ginkel,et al.  Method for quantifying facial asymmetry in three dimensions using stereophotogrammetry. , 1995, The Angle orthodontist.

[43]  Budi Kusnoto,et al.  Craniofacial Applications of Three-Dimensional Laser Surface Scanning , 2003, The Journal of craniofacial surgery.