Understanding the Role of Privacy and Trust in Intelligent Personal Assistant Adoption

Voice-controlled intelligent personal assistants (IPAs) have seen tremendous growth in recent years on smartphones and as standalone devices in people’s homes. While research has examined the potential benefits and drawbacks of these devices for IPA users, few studies have empirically evaluated the role of privacy and trust in individual decision to adopt IPAs. In this study, we present findings from a survey of IPA users and non-users (N = 1160) to understand (1) the motivations and barriers to adopting IPAs and (2) how concerns about data privacy and trust in company compliance with social contract related to IPA data affect acceptance and use of IPAs. We discuss our findings in light of social contract theory and frameworks of technology acceptance.

[1]  Kirsten E. Martin Understanding Privacy Online: Development of a Social Contract Approach to Privacy , 2016 .

[2]  Fred D. Davis Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology , 1989, MIS Q..

[3]  Christophe Fournier,et al.  Web Site spill over to email campaigns: The role of privacy, trust and shoppers' attitudes , 2010 .

[4]  Irene Lopatovska,et al.  Personification of the Amazon Alexa: BFF or a Mindless Companion , 2018, CHIIR.

[5]  Martin Porcheron Conversational agent use in a café , 2017 .

[6]  Leah Findlater,et al.  "Accessibility Came by Accident": Use of Voice-Controlled Intelligent Personal Assistants by People with Disabilities , 2018, CHI.

[7]  Qi Li,et al.  Talk to me: Exploring user interactions with the Amazon Alexa , 2019, J. Libr. Inf. Sci..

[8]  Yogesh Kumar Dwivedi,et al.  A generalised adoption model for services: A cross-country comparison of mobile health (m-health) , 2016, Gov. Inf. Q..

[9]  H. Nissenbaum Privacy as contextual integrity , 2004 .

[10]  Anthony D. Miyazaki Perceived Ethicality of Insurance Claim Fraud: Do Higher Deductibles Lead to Lower Ethical Standards? , 2009 .

[11]  Obscurity by Design : An Approach to Building Privacy into Social Media , 2011 .

[12]  Sarah Sharples,et al.  "Do Animals Have Accents?": Talking with Agents in Multi-Party Conversation , 2017, CSCW.

[13]  Carol M. Sánchez Ties That Bind: A Social Contracts Approach to Business Ethics , 1999 .

[14]  Richard P. Bagozzi,et al.  The Legacy of the Technology Acceptance Model and a Proposal for a Paradigm Shift , 2007, J. Assoc. Inf. Syst..

[15]  Jessica Vitak A Digital Path to Happiness , 2016 .

[16]  E. Ramsey,et al.  Trust considerations on attitudes towards online purchasing: The moderating effect of privacy and security concerns , 2010 .

[17]  Abigail Sellen,et al.  "Like Having a Really Bad PA": The Gulf between User Expectation and Experience of Conversational Agents , 2016, CHI.

[18]  Viswanath Venkatesh,et al.  Consumer Acceptance and Use of Information Technology: Extending the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology , 2012, MIS Q..

[19]  Mary Beth Rosson,et al.  Measuring Mobile Users' Concerns for Information Privacy , 2012, ICIS.

[20]  Franziska Roesner,et al.  End User Security and Privacy Concerns with Smart Homes , 2017, SOUPS.

[21]  Kirsten E. Martin Diminished or Just Different? A Factorial Vignette Study of Privacy as a Social Contract , 2012 .

[22]  Sangjin Lee,et al.  Digital Forensic Approaches for Amazon Alexa Ecosystem , 2017, Digit. Investig..

[23]  Tiago Oliveira,et al.  Determinants of end-user acceptance of biometrics: Integrating the "Big 3" of technology acceptance with privacy context , 2013, Decis. Support Syst..

[24]  Kim-Phuong L. Vu,et al.  Privacy Concerns for Use of Voice Activated Personal Assistant in the Public Space , 2015, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Interact..

[25]  Ilaria Liccardi,et al.  Consumer Attitudes Towards Privacy and Security in Home Assistants , 2018, CHI Extended Abstracts.

[26]  Cynthia Breazeal,et al.  "Hey Google is it OK if I eat you?": Initial Explorations in Child-Agent Interaction , 2017, IDC.

[27]  Tenzin Doleck,et al.  Examining the antecedents of social networking sites use among CEGEP students , 2017, Education and Information Technologies.

[28]  Mary Ann Eastlick,et al.  Understanding online B-to-C relationships: An integrated model of privacy concerns, trust, and commitment , 2006 .

[29]  Ibrahim M. Baggili,et al.  I Know What You Did Last Summer: Your Smart Home Internet of Things and Your iPhone Forensically Ratting You Out , 2018, ARES.

[30]  Shruti Sannon,et al.  "Alexa is my new BFF": Social Roles, User Satisfaction, and Personification of the Amazon Echo , 2017, CHI Extended Abstracts.

[31]  Helen Nissenbaum,et al.  Privacy in Context - Technology, Policy, and the Integrity of Social Life , 2009 .

[32]  Viswanath Venkatesh,et al.  User acceptance of information technology : a unified view , 1998 .

[33]  Sangjin Lee,et al.  Intelligent Virtual Assistant knows Your Life , 2018, ArXiv.