In Situ Stresses

The magnitude and orientation of in situ stresses has a major influence on planning and designing underground openings in hydroelectric projects, mining, and underground space technology. The in situ stresses are measured generally by the hydro-fracturing method, which is more economical, faster, and simpler than other methods. The orientation of in situ stresses is controlled by geological structures like fold, faults, and intrusions. The variation of in situ stress with the depth is discussed, and a few approaches to estimate the in situ stress are reviewed. Core discing is also briefly highlighted. In situ stresses depend upon the type of faults in a region and tectonic activity.