Electromagnetic field measurements of radio transmitters in urban area and exposure analysis

Far field measurement of electric fields in an area surrounding the GSM, and TV broadcast stations in Antalya (Turkey) is presented. A great inclination to use of mobile phones as well as FM radios and TV transmitters has brought about a proliferation of new radio base stations. Lack of public information and scientific studies carried out at limit values cause a spite against radio companies. Collected data through out Antalya City demonstrates that radio emissions are about at most 10% of limit values for GSM transmitters, while it is about 50% of limit values for TV transmitters. Results show that 164 MHz radio transmitter (∼1.1 mW/kg) produces about 60 times stronger local SAR than 1800 MHz GSM transmitter (∼0.02 mW/kg), and children are more sensitive than average-man for the same electric field intensity, and gather more SAR values.© 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 1572–1578, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22548

[1]  Magdy F. Iskander,et al.  Electromagnetic Absorption in Multilayered Cylindrical Models of Man , 1979 .

[2]  M. Stuchly,et al.  RF Energy Deposition in a Heterogeneous Model of Man: Near-Field Exposures , 1987, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[3]  Magdy F. Iskander,et al.  An Empirical Formula for Broad-Band SAR Calculations of Prolate Spheroidal Models of Humans and Animals , 1979 .

[4]  M. Stuchly,et al.  A study of the handset antenna and human body interaction , 1996 .

[5]  M. Dahme,et al.  Residential RF exposures , 1999 .

[6]  S. Pisa,et al.  Specific absorption rate and temperature increases in the head of a cellular-phone user , 2000 .

[7]  Paolo Bernardi,et al.  Human exposure to radio base-station antennas in urban environment , 2000 .

[8]  Cynthia Furse,et al.  The use of the frequency-dependent finite-difference time-domain method for induced current and SAR calculations for a heterogeneous model of the human body , 1994 .

[9]  Marta Cavagnaro,et al.  Evaluation of the SAR distribution in the human head for cellular phones used in a partially closed environment , 1996 .

[10]  Leeka Kheifets,et al.  Epidemiology of Health Effects of Radiofrequency Exposure , 2004, Environmental health perspectives.

[11]  Michael G. Yost,et al.  Radio Frequency Nonionizing Radiation in a Community Exposed to Radio and Television Broadcasting , 2005, Environmental health perspectives.

[12]  A. Ahlbom.  Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz) , 1998 .