TOURISTS WITH CAMERAS: Reproducing or Producing?

Abstract This paper examines tourists’ photographic representations and processes in order to engage with the multidisciplinary literature that views tourists with cameras as either passive consumers of places or, alternatively, as active cultural producers. Specifically, this research examines tourists’ photographic performances at the Rock of Aphrodite, the legendary birthplace of the Greek goddess in Cyprus, as well as whether or not tourists perpetuate, with their own photographs, images found on postcards. It is argued that even though tourists are active participants in the photographic process and produce photographs that have highly personal meanings, their photographs are still shaped by larger conventions such as the cultural construction of places, structural factors, sets of social and visual conventions as well as photographic etiquette.

[1]  R. Chalfen Snapshot versions of life , 1987 .

[2]  B. Harrison SNAP HAPPY: TOWARD A SOCIOLOGY OF “EVERYDAY” PHOTOGRAPHY , 2004 .

[3]  E. Cohen Primitive and remote: Hill tribe trekking in Thailand , 1989 .

[4]  Jonas Larsen,et al.  Material Cultures of Tourism , 2006 .

[5]  J. Larsen,et al.  Readings of Tourist Photographs , 2011 .

[6]  R. Chalfen Photography's role in tourism; some unexplored relationships. , 1979 .

[7]  Sarah Pink,et al.  The future of visual anthropology , 2006 .

[8]  Pierre Bourdieu,et al.  Photography: A Middle-Brow Art , 1990 .

[9]  D. Maccannell The Tourist: A New Theory of the Leisure Class , 1976 .

[10]  Gillian Rose,et al.  Visual Methodologies: An Introduction to the Interpretation of Visual Materials , 2001 .

[11]  D. Boorstin The image : a guide to pseudo-events in America , 1992 .

[12]  C. A. Santos,et al.  Closing the hermeneutic circle? Photographic encounters with the other. , 2008 .

[13]  J. Crompton,et al.  Personal constructions of holiday snapshots. , 1987 .

[14]  Tijana Rakić Tales from the Field: Video and its Potential for Creating Cultural Tourism Knowledge , 2010 .

[15]  J. Urry The Tourist Gaze , 2002 .

[16]  T. Edensor Staging tourism: tourists as performers , 2000 .

[17]  Wayne Martin Mellinger Toward a critical analysis of tourism representations , 1994 .

[18]  Jonathan Culler,et al.  SEMIOTICS OF TOURISM , 1981 .

[19]  W. Hunter A typology of photographic representations for tourism: Depictions of groomed spaces , 2008 .

[20]  Russell W. Belk,et al.  Tourist photographs: signs of self , 2011 .

[21]  Jonas Larsen,et al.  Performing Tourist Places , 2004 .

[22]  M. Markwick Postcards from Malta: image, consumption, context. , 2001 .

[23]  Brian Garrod,et al.  Understanding the Relationship between Tourism Destination Imagery and Tourist Photography , 2009 .

[24]  Caroline Scarles Becoming Tourist: Renegotiating the Visual in the Tourist Experience , 2009 .

[25]  P. Bourdieu,et al.  The peasant and photography , 2004 .

[26]  Stanley Milgram,et al.  The image-freezing machine , 1976 .

[27]  Tijana Rakić,et al.  An Introduction to Visual Research Methods in Tourism , 2011 .

[28]  Gregory Stanczak,et al.  Introduction: Images, Methodologies, and Generating Social Knowledge , 2007 .

[29]  Juha Suonpää BLESSED BE THE PHOTOGRAPH , 2008 .

[30]  Caroline Scarles Where words fail, visuals ignite: Opportunities for Visual Autoethnography in Tourism Research , 2010 .

[31]  Jonas Larsen,et al.  Families Seen Sightseeing , 2005 .

[32]  D. Crouch,et al.  Visual culture and tourism , 2003 .

[33]  Tijana Rakić,et al.  Introducing visual methods to tourism studies , 2012 .

[34]  P. Albers,et al.  Tourism and the changing photographic image of the great lakes Indians , 1983 .

[35]  Rob Law,et al.  Tourism and online photography , 2011 .

[36]  P. Bell Content Analysis of Visual Images , 2004 .

[37]  Kevin Markwell,et al.  Dimensions of photography in a nature-based tour , 1997 .

[38]  N. Abercrombie,et al.  Audiences: A Sociological Theory of Performance and Imagination , 1998 .

[39]  Jonas Larsen,et al.  The Family Gaze , 2003 .

[40]  P. Albers,et al.  Travel photography: A methodological approach , 1988 .

[41]  M. Crang Picturing practices: research through the tourist gaze , 1997 .