Transvenous embolization of a dural carotid-cavernous sinus fistula via the inferior ophthalmic vein.

A 76-year-old woman presented with an acute onset of right periocular pain, diplopia, ocular injection, progressive proptosis, and periocular swelling. She had an unremarkable past medical history, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and complete blood count were normal. A carotid-cavernous sinus fistula was suspected, and an MRI demonstrated enlargement of the superior ophthalmic vein posterior to the globe and enlargement of the inferior ophthalmic vein throughout its entire course. Cerebral arteriography demonstrated a dural cavernous sinus fistula. The inferior ophthalmic vein was accessed via the inferonasal orbital space and was catheterized for delivery of multiple platinum coils to the cavernous sinus fistula. Follow-up venograms demonstrated occlusion of the fistula. At 2-month follow-up, there was a residual sixth nerve palsy and resolution of symptoms, including proptosis and periocular swelling.

[1]  F. A. Shamsi,et al.  Congenital Microphthalmos With Orbital Cysts: Distinct Diagnostic Features and Management , 2004, Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery.

[2]  J. Nerad,et al.  Subperiosteal hematoma of the orbit following an aneurysm coiling procedure. , 2004, American journal of ophthalmology.

[3]  C. Shields,et al.  Orbital cysts of childhood--classification, clinical features, and management. , 2004, Survey of ophthalmology.

[4]  Yih-Leong Chang,et al.  Vascular Leiomyoma of the Head and Neck , 2004, The Laryngoscope.

[5]  M. T. Bhatti,et al.  Subperiosteal Orbital Hemorrhage Complicating Cardiac Surgery , 2004, CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology.

[6]  K. Gündüz,et al.  Orbital leiomyoma: report of a case and review of the literature. , 2004, Survey of ophthalmology.

[7]  S. Baker,et al.  CT of orbital trauma , 2004, Emergency Radiology.

[8]  S. Ghai,et al.  Cystic lesions of the orbit : A CT spectrum , 2003 .

[9]  P. McCluskey,et al.  Orbital haemorrhage complication following postoperative thrombolysis , 2003, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[10]  A. Brandáriz,et al.  Distal digital angioleiomyoma: a case report and review of the literature , 2003, International journal of dermatology.

[11]  H. Yoshikawa,et al.  MASSIVE VASCULAR LEIOMYOMA OF THE HAND , 2003, Scandinavian journal of plastic and reconstructive surgery and hand surgery.

[12]  K. Wolfe,et al.  Haemangioma of the frontal sinus. , 2002, The Journal of laryngology and otology.

[13]  J. Brazier,et al.  Spontaneous orbital haemorrhage following cardiac angioplasty , 2001, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[14]  H. Shinohara,et al.  Anatomy and histology of the lacrimal fluid drainage system. , 2000, Okajimas folia anatomica Japonica.

[15]  T. Davidson,et al.  Hemangioma of the Ethmoid Sinus , 2000, Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.

[16]  J. Olver,et al.  Endoscopic endonasal management of prolapsed silicone tubes after dacryocystorhinostomy. , 1999, Ophthalmology.

[17]  K. Cockerham,et al.  Retained stenting material: an unusual cause of dacryocystorhinostomy failure. , 1999, Ophthalmology.

[18]  G. Nesbit,et al.  Current concepts on carotid artery-cavernous sinus fistulas. , 1998, Neurosurgical focus.

[19]  R. Parwaresch,et al.  Functional anatomy of human lacrimal duct epithelium , 1998, Anatomy and Embryology.

[20]  R. Derick,et al.  Hemorrhagic ocular complications associated with the use of systemic thrombolytic agents. , 1998, Ophthalmology.

[21]  S. Jeong,et al.  Bilateral subperiosteal haematoma after endoscopic sinus surgery , 1998, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[22]  John H. White,et al.  Head, face, and neck trauma from large animal injury in New Mexico. , 1997, The Journal of trauma.

[23]  Fred F. Rezvani.  VAGINAL CAVERNOUS HEMANGIOMA IN PREGNANCY , 1997, Obstetrics and gynecology.

[24]  B. Hopkisson,et al.  Sleeves for fixation of Silastic nasolacrimal tubes. , 1995, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[25]  G. Bond,et al.  Pediatric equestrian injuries: assessing the impact of helmet use. , 1995, Pediatrics.

[26]  J. Bill,et al.  Stereolithography in oral and maxillofacial operation planning. , 1995, International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

[27]  D. Marcus,et al.  Streptokinase-induced Tenon's hemorrhage after retinal detachment surgery. , 1994, American journal of ophthalmology.

[28]  S. Barnwell,et al.  Endovascular therapy of carotid cavernous fistulas. , 1994, Neurosurgery clinics of North America.

[29]  S. Kaltreider,et al.  Cavernous hemangioma of the lacrimal sac. , 1990, American journal of ophthalmology.

[30]  W. Whisler,et al.  Youmans' Neurological Surgery: , 1990 .

[31]  I. Avni,et al.  Total hyphema following streptokinase administration eight days after cataract extraction. , 1990, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[32]  W. Lieb,et al.  Microphthalmos with colobomatous orbital cyst: clinical, histological, immunohistological, and electronmicroscopic findings. , 1990, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[33]  A. Berlin,et al.  Dacryocystorhinostomy failure: association with nasolacrimal silicone intubation. , 1989, Ophthalmic surgery.

[34]  G. Barone,et al.  Pediatric equestrian injuries: a 14-year review. , 1989, The Journal of trauma.

[35]  F. Sutula.  Histological changes in congenital and acquired blepharoptosis , 1988, Eye.

[36]  F. Codère,et al.  Lacrimal drainage system inflammatory masses from retained silicone tubing. , 1984, American journal of ophthalmology.

[37]  M. Enjoji,et al.  Angioleiomyoma. A clinicopathologic reappraisal of 562 cases , 1984, Cancer.

[38]  J. D. Cameron,et al.  The clinical implications of bilateral microphthalmos with cyst. , 1984, American journal of ophthalmology.

[39]  H. Biller,et al.  Combined Therapy for Vascular Lesions of the Head and Neck with Intra-Arterial Embolization and Surgical Excision , 1982, Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.

[40]  F. Sutula,et al.  Involutional blepharoptosis. A histopathological study. , 1980, Archives of ophthalmology.

[41]  R. Anderson,et al.  Indications, complications and results with silicone stents. , 1979, Ophthalmology.

[42]  D. Francis,et al.  Nasal hemangiomas of pregnancy. , 1977, Ear, nose, & throat journal.

[43]  K. H. Perzin,et al.  Non‐epithelial tumors of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and nasopharynx: A clinicopathologic study. I General Features and Vascular Tumors , 1974, Cancer.

[44]  M. Tannenbaum,et al.  Leiomyoma. An unusual tumour of the orbit. , 1973, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[45]  J. Wadsworth,et al.  Histology of levator muscle in congenital and acquired ptosis. , 1955, A.M.A. archives of ophthalmology.

[46]  C. Usher.  A PEDIGREE OF EPICANTHUS AND PTOSIS , 1925 .

[47]  L. Yicheng.  Transvenous embolization of dural carotid-cavernous fistulas through multiple venous routes , 2008 .

[48]  Y. Cheung,et al.  Transvenous embolisation of dural carotid-cavernous fistulas by multiple venous routes: a series of 27 cases , 2003, Acta Neurochirurgica.

[49]  E. Berg,et al.  World Health Organization Classification of Tumours , 2002 .

[50]  T. Sullivan,et al.  Nontraumatic subperiosteal orbital hemorrhage. , 2001, Ophthalmology.

[51]  Y. Matsui,et al.  Dural carotid-cavernous fistula successfully treated by embolization via inferior ophthalmic vein Case report , 1998 .

[52]  V. Mootha,et al.  Subperiosteal orbital hemorrhage from retrobulbar injection resulting in blindness. , 1997, Archives of ophthalmology.

[53]  C. Summers,et al.  Predicting visual acuity in children with colobomas involving the optic nerve. , 1996, Journal of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus.

[54]  L. Sheppard,et al.  Hemangiomas of the nasal septum and paranasal sinuses. , 1990, Henry Ford Hospital medical journal.

[55]  G. H. Handley.  Hemangiomas of the head and neck. , 1987, Ear, nose, & throat journal.

[56]  J. W. Henderson,et al.  Vascular leiomyoma of the orbit: report of a case. , 1970, Transactions - American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology. American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology.

[57]  J. Wolter.  HEMANGIO-LEIOMYOMA OF THE ORBIT. , 1965, Eye, ear, nose & throat monthly.

[58]  J. Duhig,et al.  Vascular leiomyoma. A study of sixtyone cases. , 1959, Archives of pathology.

[59]  J. E. Ash,et al.  Hemangiomas of the nasal septum. , 1950, Transactions - American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology. American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology.