Frequency-specific SSFP for hyperpolarized ¹³C metabolic imaging at 14.1 T.

Metabolic imaging of hyperpolarized [1-(13)C] pyruvate co-polarized with [(13)C]urea by dynamic nuclear polarization with rapid dissolution is a promising new method for assessing tumor metabolism and perfusion simultaneously in vivo. Novel pulse sequences are required to enable dynamic imaging of multiple (13)C spectral lines with high spatiotemporal resolution. The goal of this study was to investigate a new frequency-specific approach for rapid metabolic imaging of multiple (13)C resonances using the spectral selectivity of steady-state free precession pulse (SSFP) trains. Methods developed in simulations were implemented in a dynamic frequency-cycled balanced SSFP pulse sequence on a 14.1-T animal magnetic resonance imaging scanner. This acquisition was tested in thermal and hyperpolarized phantom imaging studies and in a transgenic mouse with prostate cancer.

[1]  J. Svensson,et al.  Cerebral perfusion assessment by bolus tracking using hyperpolarized 13C , 2004, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[2]  R. Freeman,et al.  Phase and intensity anomalies in fourier transform NMR , 1971 .

[3]  J Hennig,et al.  Detection of BOLD changes by means of a frequency‐sensitive trueFISP technique: preliminary results , 2001, NMR in biomedicine.

[4]  Lars E Olsson,et al.  Hyperpolarized 13C MR angiography using trueFISP , 2003, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[5]  Dwight G Nishimura,et al.  Fat‐suppressed steady‐state free precession imaging using phase detection , 2003, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[6]  Graham A Wright,et al.  Rapid multislice imaging of hyperpolarized 13C pyruvate and bicarbonate in the heart , 2010, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[7]  Jürgen Hennig,et al.  Fast multiecho balanced SSFP metabolite mapping of 1H and hyperpolarized 13C compounds , 2009, Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine.

[8]  M. Lustig,et al.  Fast dynamic 3D MR spectroscopic imaging with compressed sensing and multiband excitation pulses for hyperpolarized 13C studies , 2011, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[9]  John Kurhanewicz,et al.  Multi-compound polarization by DNP allows simultaneous assessment of multiple enzymatic activities in vivo. , 2010, Journal of magnetic resonance.

[10]  D. Hoult The solution of the bloch equations in the presence of a varying B1 field—An approach to selective pulse analysis , 1979 .

[11]  Jan H. Ardenkjær-Larsen,et al.  Molecular imaging with endogenous substances , 2003, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[12]  John Kurhanewicz,et al.  Imaging of blood flow using hyperpolarized [13C]Urea in preclinical cancer models , 2011, Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI.

[13]  J Hennig,et al.  Alternating repetition time balanced steady state free precession , 2006, Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

[14]  Robert B Livingston,et al.  Blood flow and metabolism in locally advanced breast cancer: relationship to response to therapy. , 2002, Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.

[15]  Dirk Mayer,et al.  Fast metabolic imaging of systems with sparse spectra: Application for hyperpolarized 13C imaging , 2006, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[16]  B. Rosen,et al.  High microvascular blood volume is associated with high glucose uptake and tumor angiogenesis in human gliomas. , 2000, Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.

[17]  Florian Wiesinger,et al.  IDEAL spiral CSI for dynamic metabolic MR imaging of hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate , 2012, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[18]  Adam B Kerr,et al.  Investigation of tumor hyperpolarized [1‐13C]‐pyruvate dynamics using time‐resolved multiband RF excitation echo‐planar MRSI , 2010, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[19]  Krishna S Nayak,et al.  Wideband SSFP: Alternating repetition time balanced steady state free precession with increased band spacing , 2007, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[20]  Marko Seppänen,et al.  Decreased Blood Flow with Increased Metabolic Activity: A Novel Sign of Pancreatic Tumor Aggressiveness , 2009, Clinical Cancer Research.

[21]  Simon Hu,et al.  Investigating tumor perfusion and metabolism using multiple hyperpolarized (13)C compounds: HP001, pyruvate and urea. , 2012, Magnetic resonance imaging.

[22]  R. Matusik,et al.  Prostate cancer in a transgenic mouse. , 1995, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[23]  J. Ardenkjær-Larsen,et al.  Increase in signal-to-noise ratio of > 10,000 times in liquid-state NMR , 2003, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[24]  John M Pauly,et al.  Hyperpolarized C‐13 spectroscopic imaging of the TRAMP mouse at 3T—Initial experience , 2007, Magnetic resonance in medicine.