eRTIS: A Fully Embedded Real Time 3D Imaging Sonar Sensor for Robotic Applications

Many popular advanced sonar systems provide accurate and reliable measurements containing crucial info needed by robotic applications such as range, bearing and reflection strength of the objects in the field of view. While these sensor systems provide these crucial pieces of information accurately, they are often limited by a lack of processing power and/or size which leads to them needing an external computing device to process all the information generated by the microphone array on the sensor. In this paper we present two versions of a novel fully embedded 3D sonar sensor which have different sensing architectures which enable 3D perception for robotic application in harsh conditions using ultrasound at low cost. Experimental results taken from an office environment will show the 3D localization capabilities and performance of the sensor, showing the sensor has a large field-of-view (FoV) with accurate 3D localization combined with real-time capabilities.

[1]  Jan Steckel,et al.  Acoustic Flow-Based Control of a Mobile Platform Using a 3D Sonar Sensor , 2017, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[2]  Joachim Hertzberg,et al.  Three-dimensional mapping with time-of-flight cameras , 2009 .

[3]  Jan Steckel,et al.  Broadband 3-D Sonar System Using a Sparse Array for Indoor Navigation , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Robotics.

[4]  Lindsay Kleeman,et al.  An advanced sonar ring design with 48 channels of continuous echo processing using matched filters , 2009, 2009 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems.

[5]  Greg Humphreys,et al.  A spatial data structure for fast Poisson-disk sample generation , 2006, SIGGRAPH 2006.

[6]  Andreas Zell,et al.  A Comparison of 3D Sensors for Wheeled Mobile Robots , 2014, IAS.

[7]  Jan Steckel,et al.  Sparse decomposition of in-air sonar images for object localization , 2014, IEEE SENSORS 2014 Proceedings.

[8]  Jan Steckel,et al.  Low-cost one-bit MEMS microphone arrays for in-air acoustic imaging using FPGA's , 2017, 2017 IEEE SENSORS.

[9]  Paul C. Leopardi A PARTITION OF THE UNIT SPHERE INTO REGIONS OF EQUAL AREA AND SMALL DIAMETER , 2006 .

[10]  Harry L. Van Trees,et al.  Optimum Array Processing: Part IV of Detection, Estimation, and Modulation Theory , 2002 .

[11]  D. Griffin Listening in the dark: The acoustic orientation of bats and men. , 1958 .

[12]  Ewald von Puttkamer,et al.  Laser-radar based mapping and navigation for an autonomous mobile robot , 1990, Proceedings., IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation.

[13]  Olivier Stasse,et al.  MonoSLAM: Real-Time Single Camera SLAM , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[14]  Robert Bridson,et al.  Fast Poisson disk sampling in arbitrary dimensions , 2007, SIGGRAPH '07.

[15]  Lindsay Kleeman,et al.  A double refresh rate sonar ring with FPGA-based continuous matched filtering , 2012, Robotica.

[16]  H. Schnitzler,et al.  From spatial orientation to food acquisition in echolocating bats , 2003 .

[17]  Jan Steckel,et al.  BatSLAM: Simultaneous Localization and Mapping Using Biomimetic Sonar , 2013, PloS one.

[18]  Jan Steckel,et al.  Sonar System Combining an Emitter Array With a Sparse Receiver Array for Air-Coupled Applications , 2015, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[19]  Jan Steckel,et al.  A novel biomimetic sonarhead using beamforming technology to mimic bat echolocation , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control.

[20]  Jan Steckel,et al.  Spatial sampling strategy for a 3D sonar sensor supporting BatSLAM , 2015, 2015 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS).