Efficient low-power recovery circuits for bio-implanted micro-sensors

This paper presents a modified sub-electronic circuit with low-power recovery circuits to be implemented in implanted micro-sensor used to stimulate the human and animals' nerves and muscles. The system based on ASK modulation techniques operated with 13.56 MHz according to industrial, scientific, medical (ISM). The modulation index is 12.6% to achieve minimum power consumption to avoid the tissue heating. The system consists of external part with modified class-E power amplifier efficiency 87.2%, and internal part consists of a voltage doubling rectifier with self- threshold cancellation and efficient low-dropout voltage regulator based on series NMOST transistor using 0.35 µm technology to offer very stable 1.8 DC V. The produced voltage used to power the sub-electronic implanted device with steady voltage even in any changing with the implanted load resistance. The mathematical model is given. The design is simulated using OrCAD PSpice 16.2 software tools and for real-time simulation, the electronic workbench MULISIM 11 has been used to simulate the class-E power amplifier. Streszczenie. W artykule przedstawiono zmodyfikowany uklad pol-elektroniczny do zastosowania w implantowych mikro-czujnikach stymulujących prace ludzkich i zwierzecych nerwow i mieśni. Urządzenie posiada obwod odzyskiwania mocy w przypadku obnizonego zasilania w ukladzie. W proponowanym rozwiązaniu zastosowano modulacje ASK o czestotliwości 13.56MHz i indeksie 12.6% w celu minimalizacji zuzycia energii. Przedstawiono takze model matematyczny urządzenia. Badania symulacyjne przeprowadzono w środowisku OrCAD PSpice 16.2 oraz MULISIM 11 do symulacji w czasie rzeczywistym wzmacniacza mocy klasy E. (Sprawny uklad odzyskiwania mocy w implantowych mikro-czujnikach).

[1]  Nathan O. Sokal,et al.  Class of High-Efficiency Tuned Switching Power Amplifiers , 2009 .

[2]  C. Dehollain,et al.  Improvement of power efficiency of inductive links for implantable devices , 2008, 2008 Ph.D. Research in Microelectronics and Electronics.

[3]  Mohammed A. Hannan,et al.  EFFICIENT DATA AND POWER TRANSFER FOR BIO-IMPLANTED DEVICES BASED ON ASK MODULATION TECHNIQUES , 2012 .

[4]  Maysam Ghovanloo,et al.  A Wide-Band Power-Efficient Inductive Wireless Link for Implantable Microelectronic Devices Using Multiple Carriers , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[5]  M. Samet,et al.  Transcutaneous power and high data rate transmission for biomedical implants , 2006, International Conference on Design and Test of Integrated Systems in Nanoscale Technology, 2006. DTIS 2006..

[6]  Mohamad Sawan,et al.  Bidirectional high data rate transmission interface for inductively powered devices , 2003, CCECE 2003 - Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering. Toward a Caring and Humane Technology (Cat. No.03CH37436).

[7]  Maysam Ghovanloo,et al.  A wideband power-efficient inductive wireless link for implantable microelectronic devices using multiple carriers , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[8]  Klaus Finkenzeller,et al.  Book Reviews: RFID Handbook: Fundamentals and Applications in Contactless Smart Cards and Identification, 2nd ed. , 2004, ACM Queue.

[9]  Muhammad Ali Tabassam.  Modulation Techniques for Biomedical Implanted Devices and Their Challenges , 2014 .

[10]  Wing-Hung Ki,et al.  A 0.9V 0.35 μm Adaptively Biased CMOS LDO Regulator with Fast Transient Response , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - Digest of Technical Papers.

[11]  M. A. Hannan,et al.  Efficient Class-E design for inductive powering wireless biotelemetry applications , 2012, 2012 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICoBE).

[12]  Gabriel A. Rincón-Mora,et al.  A 5mA 0.6μm CMOS Miller-Compensated LDO Regulator with -27dB Worst-Case Power-Supply Rejection Using 60pF of On-Chip Capacitance , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference. Digest of Technical Papers.

[13]  Edgar Sánchez-Sinencio,et al.  Full On-Chip CMOS Low-Dropout Voltage Regulator , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[14]  A. Hussain,et al.  Analysis of transcutaneous inductive powering links , 2012, 2012 4th International Conference on Intelligent and Advanced Systems (ICIAS2012).

[15]  K. Kotani,et al.  High efficiency CMOS rectifier circuit with self-Vth-cancellation and power regulation functions for UHF RFIDs , 2007, 2007 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference.