Noncontact goniometry with optical coherence tomography.

OBJECTIVE To assess the value of noncontact goniometry with optical coherence tomography (OCT) compared with current clinical parameters in the evaluation of the anterior chamber angle (ACA). DESIGN Prospective observational study of 138 eyes of 109 patients. METHODS The ACA parameters and angle-opening distance (AOD) were measured with slitlamp-adapted OCT goniometry. The iris and scleral thickness and the iris convexity were assessed with OCT. Both ACA and AOD were compared with the clinical parameters of gonioscopy grade, limbal anterior chamber depth (ACD), ultrasonographic central ACD, and lens-axial length (LAL) ratio. RESULTS Noncontact goniometry with OCT revealed mean +/- SD values of 28 degrees +/- 16 degrees for the ACA and 381 +/- 234 mum for the AOD. The mean +/- SD iris thickness was 369 +/- 84 mum, and the scleral thickness at the scleral spur was 943 +/- 148 mum. There was a significant correlation (P<.001) with the clinical parameters of gonioscopic grading, limbal ACD, ultrasonographic central ACD, and LAL ratio. The sensitivity and specificity of OCT goniometry to detect an occludable angle were 86% and 95% for ACA and 85% and 90% for AOD, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Noncontact goniometry with OCT was helpful in evaluating the anterior chamber structures and as a screening modality. Goniometry with OCT could improve the noninvasive clinical assessment and treatment of patients with glaucoma.

[1]  Spaeth Gl,et al.  The normal development of the human anterior chamber angle: a new system of descriptive grading. , 1971 .

[2]  R Birngruber,et al.  [Examination of the cornea using optical coherence tomography]. , 2001, Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft.

[3]  N. Congdon,et al.  Biometry and primary angle-closure glaucoma among Chinese, white, and black populations. , 1997, Ophthalmology.

[4]  D. Pham,et al.  Experimental imaging of intracorneal ring segments with optical coherence tomography. , 2003, Journal of refractive surgery.

[5]  Peter Koch,et al.  Transscleral optical coherence tomography: a new imaging method for the anterior segment of the eye. , 2002, Archives of ophthalmology.

[6]  I L Bailey,et al.  Clinical grading and the effects of scaling. , 1991, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[7]  T. Böker,et al.  Anterior chamber angle biometry: a comparison of Scheimpflug photography and ultrasound biomicroscopy. , 1995, Ophthalmic research.

[8]  D. Pham,et al.  [Reproducibility of goniometry with slitlamp-adapted optical coherence tomography]. , 2004, Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft.

[9]  H. Quigley.  Number of people with glaucoma worldwide. , 1996, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[10]  J J Augsburger,et al.  Intraobserver and Interobserver Agreement in Evaluating the Anterior Chamber Angle Configuration by Ultrasound Biomicroscopy , 1997, Journal of glaucoma.

[11]  P. Foster,et al.  Glaucoma in Mongolia. A population-based survey in Hövsgöl province, northern Mongolia. , 1996, Archives of ophthalmology.

[12]  R. Ritch,et al.  Ultrasound biomicroscopy in plateau iris syndrome. , 1992, American journal of ophthalmology.

[13]  R. Birngruber,et al.  Untersuchungen der Hornhaut mittels optischer Kohärenztomographie , 2001, Der Ophthalmologe.

[14]  R Birngruber,et al.  First experimental and clinical results with transscleral optical coherence tomography. , 2000, Ophthalmic surgery and lasers.

[15]  R. Shaffer.  Primary glaucomas. Gonioscopy, ophthalmoscopy and perimetry. , 1960, Transactions - American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology. American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology.

[16]  Reginald Birngruber,et al.  Optische Kohärenztomographie der Kornea und des vorderen Augenabschnitts *** , 1997, Der Ophthalmologe.

[17]  G. Marchini,et al.  Comparative study of the effects of 2% ibopamine, 10% phenylephrine, and 1% tropicamide on the anterior segment. , 2003, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[18]  F. Foster,et al.  Ultrasound biomicroscopy of anterior segment structures in normal and glaucomatous eyes. , 1992, American journal of ophthalmology.

[19]  D. Pham,et al.  Optical coherence tomography in malignant glaucoma following filtration surgery , 2003, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[20]  F. Foster,et al.  Subsurface ultrasound microscopic imaging of the intact eye. , 1990, Ophthalmology.

[21]  G. Spaeth,et al.  The anterior chamber angle is different in different racial groups: A gonioscopic study , 1994, Eye.

[22]  J. Izatt,et al.  Real-time optical coherence tomography of the anterior segment at 1310 nm. , 2001, Archives of ophthalmology.

[23]  N. Congdon,et al.  Issues in the epidemiology and population-based screening of primary angle-closure glaucoma. , 1992, Survey of ophthalmology.

[24]  C Tello,et al.  Measurement of ultrasound biomicroscopy images: intraobserver and interobserver reliability. , 1994, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[25]  H. R. Jung,et al.  Clarifying the nomenclature for primary angle-closure glaucoma. , 1997, Survey of ophthalmology.

[26]  E A Swanson,et al.  Micrometer-scale resolution imaging of the anterior eye in vivo with optical coherence tomography. , 1994, Archives of ophthalmology.

[27]  D. Machin,et al.  The prevalence of glaucoma in Chinese residents of Singapore: a cross-sectional population survey of the Tanjong Pagar district. , 2000, Archives of ophthalmology.

[28]  David S Friedman,et al.  A prospective ultrasound biomicroscopy evaluation of changes in anterior segment morphology after laser iridotomy in Asian eyes. , 2003, Ophthalmology.

[29]  S. Markowitz,et al.  The ratio of lens thickness to axial length for biometric standardization in angle-closure glaucoma. , 1985, American journal of ophthalmology.

[30]  R. Birngruber,et al.  Slit-lamp-adapted optical coherence tomography of the anterior segment , 2000, Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology.

[31]  D G Hunter,et al.  A proposed simple method for measurement in the anterior chamber angle: biometric gonioscopy. , 1999, Ophthalmology.

[32]  H G SCHEIE,et al.  Width and pigmentation of the angle of the anterior chamber; a system of grading by gonioscopy. , 1957, A.M.A. archives of ophthalmology.

[33]  A. Schwartz,et al.  Estimation of width of angle of anterior chamber. Incidence and significance of the narrow angle. , 1969, American journal of ophthalmology.

[34]  S. Drance,et al.  Anterior chamber depth in angle-closure glaucoma. Clinical methods of depth determination in people with and without the disease. , 1973, Archives of ophthalmology.

[35]  D. Pham,et al.  Histopathological correlation of corneal diseases with optical coherence tomography , 2002, Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology.

[36]  Reginald Birngruber,et al.  Noncontact corneal pachymetry with slit lamp-adapted optical coherence tomography. , 2002, American journal of ophthalmology.

[37]  G. Marchini,et al.  Ultrasound biomicroscopic and conventional ultrasonographic study of ocular dimensions in primary angle-closure glaucoma. , 1998, Ophthalmology.

[38]  G. Spaeth,et al.  Comparison of the configuration of the human anterior chamber angle, as determined by the Spaeth gonioscopic grading system and ultrasound biomicroscopy. , 1995, Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society.

[39]  G. Johnson,et al.  The Burden of Trachoma in the Rural Nile Delta of Egypt : a Survey of Menofiya Governorate The Epidemiology of Ocular Trauma in Singapore : Perspective from the Emergency Service of a Large Tertiary Hospital , 2005 .

[40]  D. Pham,et al.  Reproduzierbarkeit der Goniometrie mittels spaltlampen-adaptierter optischer Kohärenztomographie , 2004, Der Ophthalmologe.

[41]  Peter Koch,et al.  Transscleral optical coherence tomography—An experimental study in ex‐vivo human eyes * † , 2002, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[42]  D. Friedman,et al.  Ultrasonographic biomicroscopy, Scheimpflug photography, and novel provocative tests in contralateral eyes of Chinese patients initially seen with acute angle closure. , 2003, Archives of ophthalmology.

[43]  Stewart Duke-Elder.  Gonioscopy , 1962 .

[44]  F. Foster,et al.  Clinical use of ultrasound biomicroscopy. , 1991, Ophthalmology.

[45]  N. Congdon,et al.  Screening techniques for angle-closure glaucoma in rural Taiwan. , 2009, Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica.

[46]  R. Makabe.  [Comparative studies of the width of the anterior chamber angle using echography and gonioscopy]. , 1989, Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde.

[47]  J. Smith,et al.  Anterior segment configuration correlated with Shaffer's grading of anterior chamber angle. , 1981, Archives of ophthalmology.