Abnormal neuronal development in the visual cortex of the human fetus and infant with down's syndrome. A quantitative and qualitative golgi study

The developmental morphology of visual cortical neurons (their numbers, dendritic arborization and numbers of spines) in 14 fetuses and infants with Down's syndrome were studied and compared with that of neurologically normal, age-matched controls. Fetuses with Trisomy 21 showed the same neuronal morphology and spine counts as control fetuses. However, the newborns and older infants with Down's syndrome showed shorter basilar dendrites and decreased numbers of spines with altered morphology and defective cortical layering.

[1]  P. Coleman,et al.  Dendritic growth in the aged human brain and failure of growth in senile dementia. , 1979, Science.

[2]  M. Abercrombie.  Estimation of nuclear population from microtome sections , 1946, The Anatomical record.

[3]  M. Marín‐Padilla,et al.  Pyramidal cell abnormalities in the motor cortex of a child with Down's syndrome. A Golgi study , 1976, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[4]  L. Becker,et al.  Morphology of the Developing Visual Cortex of the Human Infant: A Quantitative and Qualitative Golgi Study , 1980, Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology.

[5]  E. Colon.  The Structure of the Cerebral Cortex in Down's Syndrome – A quantitative analysis – , 1972 .

[6]  D. Purpura,et al.  Distortion of neuronal geometry and formation of aberrant synapses in neuronal storage disease , 1976, Brain Research.

[7]  M. Ball,et al.  Neurofibrillary tangles, granulovacuolar degeneration, and neuron loss in down syndrome: Quantitative comparison with alzheimer dementia , 1980, Annals of neurology.

[8]  M Marin-Padilla,et al.  Number and distribution of the apical dendritic spines of the layer V pyramidal cells in man , 1967, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[9]  P. Huttenlocher,et al.  Dendritic development in neocortex of children with mental defect and infantile spasms , 1974, Neurology.

[10]  M. Marín‐padilla.  Structural organization of the cerebral cortex (motor area) in human chromosomal aberrations. A golgi study. I. D1 (13–15) trisomy, patau syndrome , 1974 .

[11]  D. Purpura,et al.  Dendritic Spine "Dysgenesis" and Mental Retardation , 1974, Science.

[12]  J. L. Conel,et al.  The postnatal development of the human cerebral cortex , 1960 .

[13]  D. Purpura,et al.  Normal and aberrant neuronal development in the cerebral cortex of human fetus and young infant. , 1975, UCLA forum in medical sciences.

[14]  R. S. Williams,et al.  THE GOLGI RAPID METHOD IN CLINICAL NEUROPATHOLOGY: THE MORPHOLOGIC CONSEQUENCES OF SUBOPTIMAL FIXATION , 1978, Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology.

[15]  M. Marín‐padilla.  Abnormal neuronal differentiation (functional maturation) in mental retardation. , 1975, Birth defects original article series.

[16]  M. Marín‐Padilla,et al.  Prenatal and early postnatal ontogenesis of the human motor cortex: a golgi study. I. The sequential development of the cortical layers. , 1970, Brain research.

[17]  A. Scheibel,et al.  The effect of visual deprivation on cortical neurons: a Golgi study. , 1967, Experimental neurology.

[18]  D. Purpura,et al.  Polydendritic purkinje cells in X-chromosome linked copper malabsorption: a Golgi study , 1976, Brain Research.

[19]  G. Jervis.  Early senile dementia in mongoloid idiocy. , 1948, The American journal of psychiatry.

[20]  N. Malamud.  Neuropathology of Organic Brain Syndromes Associated with Aging , 1972 .

[21]  M. Marín‐padilla.  Structural abnormalities of the cerebral cortex in human chromosomal aberrations: a Golgi study. , 1972, Brain research.

[22]  J P SCHADE,et al.  Structural organization of the human cerebral cortex. 1. Maturation of the middle frontal gyrus. , 1961, Acta anatomica.

[23]  T. Rabinowicz,et al.  The Differentiate Maturation of the Human Cerebral Cortex , 1979 .