Cross-Polarization Modulation: Theory and Measurement in Subcarrier-Modulated WDM Systems

Through cross-polarization modulation, a consequence of the nonlinear refractive index, the polarization state of a wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) channel is modified by the power in other channels of the WDM system. The authors use a simple model to predict the time-averaged and time-varying parts of the polarization state for subcarrier-modulated optical channels and compare it to direct measurement of the time-varying state of polarization in a two- and three-channel WDM system. This model incorporates walk off of the channels due to group-velocity dispersion

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