Emission minimisation dispatch constrained by cost and wind power

It is important to quantitatively assess the effectiveness of reducing emissions by increasing the penetration of wind power (WP). In this study, an emission minimisation model is proposed for a sample system consisting of both thermal generators and wind turbines. In this model, the probability of stochastic WP is included in the constraint set. This approach avoids the probabilistic infeasibility caused by using the average of random variables. The proposed model is implemented and the impact of WP on emission reduction is numerically evaluated. It is found that the impact can be readily characterised by a parameter called the penetration factor of WP.

[1]  J. Lobry,et al.  Impact of the Wind Geographical Correlation Level for Reliability Studies , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[2]  Peter Kall,et al.  Stochastic Programming , 1995 .

[3]  R.N. Allan,et al.  Evaluation Methods and Accuracy in Probabilistic Load Flow Solutions , 1981, IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems.

[4]  V. Kachitvichyanukul,et al.  A New Efficient GA-Benders' Decomposition Method: For Power Generation Expansion Planning With Emission Controls , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[5]  Thomas Ackermann,et al.  Loss evaluation of HVAC and HVDC transmission solutions for large offshore wind farms , 2006 .

[6]  Ferial El-Hawary,et al.  Minimum emissions power flow , 1994 .

[7]  S.W. Hess,et al.  Planning system operations to meet NO/sub x/ constraints , 1992, IEEE Computer Applications in Power.

[8]  M. O'Malley,et al.  Wind generation, power system operation, and emissions reduction , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[9]  D. B. Das,et al.  New multi-objective stochastic search technique for economic load dispatch , 1998 .

[10]  J. A. Carta,et al.  A review of wind speed probability distributions used in wind energy analysis: Case studies in the Canary Islands , 2009 .

[11]  Bikash C. Pal,et al.  Intermittent wind generation in optimal power flow dispatching , 2009 .

[12]  M. R. Gent,et al.  Minimum-Emission Dispatch , 1971 .

[13]  M. A. Abido.  Environmental/economic power dispatch using multiobjective evolutionary algorithms , 2003 .

[14]  Gilbert M. Masters,et al.  Renewable and Efficient Electric Power Systems , 2004 .

[15]  J. Aguado,et al.  Cumulant-based probabilistic optimal power flow (P-OPF) with Gaussian and gamma distributions , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[16]  David C. Yu,et al.  An Economic Dispatch Model Incorporating Wind Power , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[17]  Ali Naci Celik,et al.  Energy output estimation for small-scale wind power generators using Weibull-representative wind data , 2003 .

[18]  Gilbert M. Masters,et al.  Renewable and Efficient Electric Power Systems: Masters/Electric Power Systems , 2004 .

[19]  Wilsun Xu,et al.  Minimum Emission Dispatch Constrained by Stochastic Wind Power Availability and Cost , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[20]  H. Sasaki,et al.  Multiobjective optimal generation dispatch based on probability security criteria , 1988 .