Decreased gyrification in major depressive disorder

Structural and functional abnormalities have been extensively reported in major depressive disorder, but possible changes in cortical folding have not yet been explored in this disorder. This study investigated this issue in major depressive disorder using the local gyrification index. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 18 patients with first-episode major depressive disorder and 18 age-matched and sex-matched healthy individuals. The local gyrification index was applied to detect brain areas with abnormal cortical folding in major depressive disorder. Compared with healthy participants, patients with major depressive disorder showed significantly decreased local gyrification index in the bilateral mid-posterior cingulate, insula, and orbital frontal cortices, the left anterior cingulate cortex, and the right temporal operculum.

[1]  A. Schleicher,et al.  The human pattern of gyrification in the cerebral cortex , 2004, Anatomy and Embryology.

[2]  Thomas E. Nichols,et al.  Nonstationary cluster-size inference with random field and permutation methods , 2004, NeuroImage.

[3]  Vitaly A Klyachko,et al.  Connectivity optimization and the positioning of cortical areas , 2003, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[4]  Warren D Taylor,et al.  Late-life depression and microstructural abnormalities in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex white matter. , 2004, The American journal of psychiatry.

[5]  R. Hen,et al.  Neurodevelopmental origins of depressive disorders. , 2007, Current opinion in pharmacology.

[6]  Sabine Landau,et al.  Reduced neuronal size and glial cell density in area 9 of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in subjects with major depressive disorder. , 2002, Cerebral cortex.

[7]  William B. Dobyns,et al.  G Protein-Coupled Receptor-Dependent Development of Human Frontal Cortex , 2004, Science.

[8]  Faith M. Gunning-Dixon,et al.  Microstructural white matter abnormalities and remission of geriatric depression. , 2008, The American journal of psychiatry.

[9]  Anders M. Dale,et al.  Cortical Surface-Based Analysis I. Segmentation and Surface Reconstruction , 1999, NeuroImage.

[10]  R. Kerwin,et al.  Reduced glial cell density and neuronal size in the anterior cingulate cortex in major depressive disorder. , 2001, Archives of general psychiatry.

[11]  Yufeng Zang,et al.  White matter integrity of the whole brain is disrupted in first-episode remitted geriatric depression , 2007, Neuroreport.

[12]  A. Dale,et al.  Cortical Surface-Based Analysis II: Inflation, Flattening, and a Surface-Based Coordinate System , 1999, NeuroImage.

[13]  Meritxell Bach Cuadra,et al.  A Surface-Based Approach to Quantify Local , 2008 .

[14]  B. Roth,et al.  Morphometric evidence for neuronal and glial prefrontal cell pathology in major depression∗ ∗ See accompanying Editorial, in this issue. , 1999, Biological Psychiatry.

[15]  H. Mayberg.  Modulating dysfunctional limbic-cortical circuits in depression: towards development of brain-based algorithms for diagnosis and optimised treatment. , 2003, British medical bulletin.

[16]  A. Dale,et al.  High‐resolution intersubject averaging and a coordinate system for the cortical surface , 1999, Human brain mapping.

[17]  D. V. Essen,et al.  A tension-based theory of morphogenesis and compact wiring in the central nervous system , 1997, Nature.

[18]  S. Hooper,et al.  The vulnerability of the fetal sheep brain to hypoxemia at mid-gestation. , 1997, Brain research. Developmental brain research.

[19]  E. Domenici,et al.  Chronic Social Stress Inhibits Cell Proliferation in the Adult Medial Prefrontal Cortex: Hemispheric Asymmetry and Reversal by Fluoxetine Treatment , 2007, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[20]  D. V. van Essen,et al.  A tension-based theory of morphogenesis and compact wiring in the central nervous system. , 1997, Nature.

[21]  M. Raiteri,et al.  Decrease of uptake and exchange of neurotransmitter amino acids after depletion of their synaptosomal pools , 1976, Brain Research.

[22]  V. Caviness,et al.  Mechanical model of brain convolutional development. , 1975, Science.

[23]  B. Czéh,et al.  Chronic stress-induced cellular changes in the medial prefrontal cortex and their potential clinical implications: Does hemisphere location matter? , 2008, Behavioural Brain Research.

[24]  Jun Liu,et al.  Prefrontal white matter abnormalities in young adult with major depressive disorder: A diffusion tensor imaging study , 2007, Brain Research.