Proposed Formula for Ventilatory Requirements in Apneic Anesthetized Patients

Gold and Martin1 observed that minute volume during intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB) in anesthetized patients must be increased over spontaneous ventilation to achieve PO2 levels equal to those observed during spontaneous ventilation. This is postulated to be a result of disturbed distribution of inspired gas. The greater minute volume requirement for appropriate oxygen uptake during IPPB results in turn in carbon dioxide washout, attended by diminished cardiac output and decreased cerebral blood flow. In addition, hyperventilation depletion of carbon dioxide stores leads to postoperative hypoventilation and hypoxemia.

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