A new class of nondiffracting pulses based on focusing leaky waves

In this work, we propose an azimuthally-invariant periodic leaky-wave radiator for the generation of Bessel beams and X-waves by means of backward cylindrical leaky waves at millimeter wavelengths. A rigorous framework is first outlined to understand the theoretical constraints of such novel design. A specific attention is devoted to the impact of the attenuation constant on the focusing properties of the device. On this basis, a practical design is then proposed to meet the previous requirements. Numerical results confirm the interesting capabilities of the considered structure, paving the way for the first generation of focusing leaky waves.

[1]  G. Lovat,et al.  A novel printed leaky-wave 'bull-eye' antenna with suppressed surface-wave excitation , 2004, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society Symposium, 2004..

[2]  Davide Comite,et al.  Exciting Vorticity Through Higher Order Bessel Beams With a Radial-Line Slot-Array Antenna , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[3]  S. C. Pavone,et al.  Generation of non-diffractive Bessel beams by inward cylindrical traveling wave aperture distributions. , 2014, Optics express.

[4]  M. Ettorre,et al.  Generation of Propagating Bessel Beams Using Leaky-Wave Modes , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[5]  Y. Antar,et al.  Optimization of a Planar “Bull-Eye” Leaky-Wave Antenna Fed by a Printed Surface-Wave Source , 2013, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[6]  Sabino Chávez-Cerda,et al.  A new approach to bessel beams , 1999 .

[7]  S. C. Pavone,et al.  Propagation of nondiffracting pulses carrying orbital angular momentum at microwave frequencies , 2017 .

[8]  M. Porras,et al.  Unified description of Bessel X waves with cone dispersion and tilted pulses. , 2003, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[9]  M. Ettorre,et al.  Generation of Propagating Bessel Beams Using Leaky-Wave Modes: Experimental Validation , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[10]  Ekmel Ozbay,et al.  Generation of an axially asymmetric Bessel-like beam from a metallic subwavelength aperture. , 2009, Physical review letters.

[11]  Walter Fuscaldo,et al.  Higher-Order Leaky-Mode Bessel-Beam Launcher , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[12]  H. Hernández-Figueroa,et al.  Non-Diffracting Waves: Figueroa/Non-Diffracting Waves , 2013 .

[13]  D. Jackson,et al.  Leaky‐Wave Antennas , 2008 .

[14]  S. C. Pavone,et al.  Comparison between broadband Bessel beam launchers based on either Bessel or Hankel aperture distribution for millimeter wave short pulse generation. , 2017, Optics express.

[15]  F. Medina,et al.  Non-Uniform Sinusoidally Modulated Half-Mode Leaky-Wave Lines for Near-Field Focusing Pattern Synthesis , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[16]  G. Lovat,et al.  Modal properties of surface and leaky waves propagating at arbitrary angles along a metal strip grating on a grounded slab , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[17]  David R. Jackson,et al.  Radiation from cylindrical leaky waves , 1990 .

[18]  J. Durnin.  Exact solutions for nondiffracting beams. I. The scalar theory , 1987 .

[19]  J. Greenleaf,et al.  Experimental verification of nondiffracting X waves , 1992, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control.

[20]  Peeter Saari,et al.  Evidence of X-Shaped Propagation-Invariant Localized Light Waves , 1997 .

[21]  R. Trebino.  Measuring the seemingly immeasurable , 2011 .

[22]  S. C. Pavone,et al.  Analysis of limited-diffractive and limited-dispersive X-waves generated by finite radial waveguides , 2016 .

[23]  Qiang Cheng,et al.  Generation of spatial Bessel beams using holographic metasurface. , 2015, Optics express.

[24]  R. Trebino,et al.  Directly measuring the spatiotemporal electric field of ultrashort Bessel-X pulses , 2009, 2009 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and 2009 Conference on Quantum electronics and Laser Science Conference.

[25]  Mauro Ettorre,et al.  Experimental Validation of Bessel Beam Generation Using an Inward Hankel Aperture Distribution , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[26]  Paolo Baccarelli,et al.  Analysis and Design of Annular Microstrip-Based Planar Periodic Leaky-Wave Antennas , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.