Frozen Jacobian iterative method for solving systems of nonlinear equations: application to nonlinear IVPs and BVPs

Frozen Jacobian iterative methods are of practical interest to solve the system of nonlinear equations. A frozen Jacobian multi-step iterative method is presented. We divide the multi-step iterative method into two parts namely base method and multi-step part. The convergence order of the constructed frozen Jacobian iterative method is three, and we design the base method in a way that we can maximize the convergence order in the multi-step part. In the multi-step part, we utilize a single evaluation of the function, solve four systems of lower and upper triangular systems and a second frozen Jacobian. The attained convergence order per multi-step is four. Hence, the general formula for the convergence order is 3 + 4(m - 2) for m = 2 and m is the number of multi-steps. In a single instance of the iterative method, we employ only single inversion of the Jacobian in the form of LU factors that makes the method computationally cheaper because the LU factors are used to solve four system of lower and upper triangular systems repeatedly. The claimed convergence order is verified by computing the computational order of convergence for a system of nonlinear equations. The efficiency and validity of the proposed iterative method are narrated by solving many nonlinear initial and boundary value problems.

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