Water-based routes for synthesis of metal-organic frameworks: A review

Although metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) show numerous advantages over other crystalline materials, their industrial relevances have been impeded owing to their many drawbacks such as environmental impacts and economic costs of their synthesis. A green preparation pathway could greatly reduce the environmental costs, energy, and the need for toxic organic solvents, and consequently reduce the production cost. Thus, the most desirable synthesis route is the replacement of harsh organic solvents with aqueous solutions to abate environmental and economic impacts. This review summarizes recent research advancements of water-based routes for MOF synthesis and gives a brief outline of the most prominent examples. The challenges and prospects of the commercialization of promising MOFs in the future are also presented. This study aims to offer necessary information regarding the green, sustainable, and industrially acceptable fabrication of MOFs for their commercial applications in the future. 金属-有机骨架材料具有优异的物理化学性质, 因而在气体储存、 吸附分离、 药物传输、 超级电容器、 催化等领域具有广阔的应用前景. 然而大多数金属-有机骨架材料的合成通常需要用到大量的有机溶剂, 而这些有机溶剂的使用不仅会增加金属-有机骨架材料的生产成本, 且极易对环境造成影响. 基于此, 理想的合成路线是用水代替有害的有机溶剂, 以降低成本及减轻其对环境的影响. 本文总结了近期金属-有机骨架材料水相合成路线的研究进展, 重点概括了不同水相合成法制备金属-有机骨架材料的机理, 并分析了各种方法的优缺点. 此外, 还讨论了当前绿色且低成本工业化生产金属-有机骨架材料存在的问题以及未来可能的发展方向.

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