Kinoform lens focusing of high-energy x-rays (50 - 100 keV)

High-energy x-rays from a synchrotron source are well suited for numerous applications, such as studies of materials structure and stress in bulk or extreme environments. Some of these methods require high spatial resolution. Planar kinoforms are shown to focus monochromatized undulator radiation in the 50–100 keV range down to 0.2–1.5 μm beam sizes at 0.25–2 m focal distances. These lenses were fabricated by reactive ion etching of silicon. At such high x-ray energies, these optics can offer substantial transmission and lens aperture.