A neuropathological, stereo-EEG, and MRI study of subcortical band heterotopia

The authors performed an MRI, stereo-EEG, and pathology study on a woman with subcortical band heterotopia and partial epilepsy. Clinical manifestations of seizures always started when ictal discharges were present in outer and heterotopic cortices. Simultaneous activation of both cortices and presence of differentiated neurons in the white matter and the heterotopia strongly suggest that the cortices were anatomically and functionally interconnected.

[1]  D. Ledbetter,et al.  X-linked malformations of neuronal migration , 1996, Neurology.

[2]  F. Andermann,et al.  Diffuse cortical dysplasia, or the 'double cortex' syndrome , 1991, Neurology.

[3]  F. Morrell,et al.  Surgical resection for intractable epilepsy in "double cortex" syndrome yields inadequate results. , 2001, Epilepsia.

[4]  A. Ito,et al.  A novel mutation of the doublecortin gene in Japanese patients with X-linked lissencephaly and subcortical band heterotopia , 1999, Human Genetics.

[5]  F Andermann,et al.  Cortical dysplasia , 1998, Neurology.

[6]  Richard Levy,et al.  Simultanagnosia in a patient with right brain lesions , 2000, Journal of Neurology.

[7]  A J Barkovich,et al.  Gray matter heterotopias: MR characteristics and correlation with developmental and neurologic manifestations. , 1992, Radiology.

[8]  F. Earnest,et al.  Simultanagnosia as the initial sign of degenerative dementia. , 1993, Mayo Clinic proceedings.

[9]  Y. Berwald‐Netter,et al.  A Novel CNS Gene Required for Neuronal Migration and Involved in X-Linked Subcortical Laminar Heterotopia and Lissencephaly Syndrome , 1998, Cell.

[10]  E. Schönau.  The Development of the Skeletal System in Children and the Influence of Muscular Strength , 1997, Hormone Research in Paediatrics.

[11]  I. Wolpert,et al.  Die simultanagnosie — störung der gesamtauffassung , 1924 .

[12]  Y. Burnod,et al.  Functional MRI in double cortex: Functionality of heterotopia , 2000, Neurology.

[13]  Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV infection presenting as Balint's syndrome , 1994, Neurology.

[14]  M. Rizzo,et al.  Looking but not seeing , 1987, Neurology.

[15]  M. Mendez,et al.  Corticobasal ganglionic degeneration with Balint's syndrome. , 2000, The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences.

[16]  C. Walsh,et al.  Doublecortin Is Required in Mice for Lamination of the Hippocampus But Not the Neocortex , 2002, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[17]  F. Andermann,et al.  Band heterotopia or double cortex in a male , 1997, Neurology.

[18]  Jon Driver,et al.  Reading of letters and words in a patient with Balint's syndrome , 1994, Neuropsychologia.