Effect of Different Coating Materials on The Characteristics Of Chlorophyll Microcapsules from Caulerpa racemosa

The sea grape (Caulerpa racemosa) has a chlorophyll pigment that can be extracted using a non-polar solvent. Chlorophyll as a natural dye has unstable characteristics of temperature, pH, and light. Microencapsulation by the freeze-drying method can be used to protect chlorophyll from degradation caused by external influences where the type of coating material can affect the characteristics of the chlorophyll microcapsules. The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of chlorophyll microcapsules with various types of coating material. Chlorophyll was microencapsulated using maltodextrin (CM), maltodextrin-alginate (CMA), and maltodextrin-fish gelatin (CMG). Chlorophyll encapsulated with maltodextrin-alginate resulting in the highest yield. The results of FTIR analysis indicated the presence of following functional groups in chlorophyll microcapsules viz., inter- and intra-molecular bonded alcohol OH, C = N stretching imine/oxime or C = O stretching conjugated ketone or alkenes, OH phenol, and CN stretching amine. CM had a particle size between 9,061 – 469.9 nm, CMA between 9,707 – 363.5 nm, and CMG between 11.49 – 433.2 nm. Based on the observation of morphology by using SEM, it showed that the all of the chlorophyll microcapsules were in the form of flake shape and porous. CM and CMA looked more fragile than CMG it can be seen from the cracks in some parts of CM and CMA. Therefore, CMG release time was longer than CM and CMA.

[1]  R. Kurniasih,et al.  Physical characteristics of phycocyanin from spirulina microcapsules using different coating materials with freeze drying method , 2017 .

[2]  R. Kurniasih,et al.  ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF PHYCOCYANIN MICROCAPSULES USING MALTODEXTRIN AND CARRAGEENAN AS COATING MATERIALS , 2016 .

[3]  P. Manoj,et al.  Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, chlorophyll content and antioxidant properties of native and defatted foliage of green leafy vegetables , 2015, Journal of Food Science and Technology.

[4]  Y. Pranoto,et al.  Antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of liquid smoke nanocapsules using chitosan and maltodextrin and its application on tuna fish preservation , 2014 .

[5]  A. G. S. Carvalho,et al.  Microencapsulation by spray drying of emulsified green coffee oil with two-layered membranes , 2014 .

[6]  G. Ozkan,et al.  Microencapsulation of natural food colourants , 2014 .

[7]  P. D. Gurak,et al.  Production of grape juice powder obtained by freeze-drying after concentration by reverse osmosis , 2013 .

[8]  C. Anandharamakrishnan,et al.  Microencapsulation of Docosahexaenoic Acid by Spray-Freeze-Drying Method and Comparison of its Stability with Spray-Drying and Freeze-Drying Methods , 2013, Food and Bioprocess Technology.

[9]  F. Zhong,et al.  Properties and Stability of Spray-Dried and Freeze-Dried Microcapsules Co-Encapsulated with Fish Oil, Phytosterol Esters, and Limonene , 2013 .

[10]  D. Krishnaiah,et al.  Microencapsulation of Morinda citrifolia L. extract by spray-drying , 2012 .

[11]  C. Anandharamakrishnan,et al.  Microencapsulation of Garcinia Cowa Fruit Extract and Effect of its use on Pasta Process and Quality , 2012 .

[12]  Marleny D.A. Saldaña,et al.  Microencapsulation of flax oil with zein using spray and freeze drying , 2011 .

[13]  C. Anandharamakrishnan,et al.  Microencapsulation of Lactobacillus plantarum (mtcc 5422) by spray-freeze-drying method and evaluation of survival in simulated gastrointestinal conditions , 2011, Journal of microencapsulation.

[14]  B. Bugarski,et al.  Encapsulation of polyphenolic antioxidants from medicinal plant extracts in alginate-chitosan system enhanced with ascorbic acid by electrostatic extrusion , 2011 .

[15]  S. Mortazavi,et al.  Effect of Drying Process and Wall Material on the Properties of Encapsulated Cardamom Oil , 2011 .

[16]  Maruf Ahmed,et al.  Encapsulation by spray drying of bioactive components, physicochemical and morphological properties from purple sweet potato , 2010 .

[17]  C. Rielly,et al.  Spray-freeze-drying of whey proteins at sub-atmospheric pressures , 2010 .

[18]  A. Mercadante,et al.  Encapsulation of lycopene using spray-drying and molecular inclusion processes , 2007 .

[19]  N. Utama‐ang,et al.  Encapsulation of Michelia alba D.C. Extract Using Spray Drying and Freeze Drying and Application on Thai Dessert from Rice Flour , 2015 .

[20]  Mahesh D. Sanap,et al.  A REVIEW ON MICROENCAPSULATION , 2015 .

[21]  R. Visvanathan,et al.  Microencapsulation of garlic oleoresin using maltodextrin as wall material by spray drying technology. , 2015, International journal of biological macromolecules.

[22]  Nayek Sumanta,et al.  Spectrophotometric Analysis of Chlorophylls and Carotenoids from Commonly Grown Fern Species by Using Various Extracting Solvents , 2014 .

[23]  Tamader Y. Al-Rammah.  Alginate microencapsulation of stem cells as alternative source to the limitedsupply of donor tissue. , 2014 .

[24]  Nicolaas Jan Zuidam,et al.  Encapsulation Technologies for Active Food Ingredients and Food Processing , 2013 .

[25]  Toshinori Sato,et al.  Encapsulation of glucose oxidase (GOD) in polyelectrolyte complexes of chitosan-carrageenan , 2010 .

[26]  Rama Dubey,et al.  Microencapsulation Technology and Applications , 2009 .