Comparing regional stove usage patterns and using those patterns to model indoor air quality impacts.

Monitoring improved cookstove adoption and usage in developing countries can help anticipate potential health and environmental benefits that may result from household energy interventions. This study explores stove usage monitor (SUM)-derived usage data from field studies in China (52 stoves, 1422 monitoring days), Honduras (270 stoves, 630 monitoring days), India (19 stoves, 565 monitoring days), and Uganda (38 stoves, 1007 monitoring days). Traditional stove usage was found to be generally similar among four seemingly disparate countries in terms of cooking habits, with average usage of between 171 and 257 minutes per day for the most-used stoves. In Honduras, where survey-based usage data were also collected, there was only modest agreement between sensor data and self-reported user data. For Indian homes, we combined stove-usage data with a single-zone Monte Carlo box model to estimate kitchen-level PM2.5 and CO concentrations under various scenarios of cleaner cookstove adoption. We defined clean cookstove performance based on the International Standards Organization (ISO) voluntary guidelines. Model results showed that even with 75% displacement of traditional stoves with the cleanest available stove (ISO tier-5), World Health Organization 24h PM2.5 standards were exceeded in 96.4% of model runs, underscoring the importance of full displacement.

[1]  Brian E. Robinson,et al.  An evaluation of air quality, home heating and well-being under Beijing’s programme to eliminate household coal use , 2019, Nature Energy.

[2]  Mohammad Hosein Farzaei,et al.  Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 , 2018, Lancet.

[3]  Kristen M. Fedak,et al.  Field measurements of solid-fuel cookstove emissions from uncontrolled cooking in China, Honduras, Uganda, and India , 2018, Atmospheric Environment.

[4]  A. Robinson,et al.  The Firepower Sweep Test: A novel approach to cookstove laboratory testing , 2018, Indoor air.

[5]  Kirstie Jagoe,et al.  Prevalent degradation and patterns of use, maintenance, repair, and access to post-acquisition services for biomass stoves in Peru , 2018, Energy for Sustainable Development.

[6]  Sierra N. Clark,et al.  Impacts of stove use patterns and outdoor air quality on household air pollution and cardiovascular mortality in southwestern China. , 2018, Environment international.

[7]  Carlos F. Gould,et al.  Usage and impacts of the Envirofit HM‐5000 cookstove , 2018, Indoor air.

[8]  M. Brauer,et al.  Quantifying the Contribution to Uncertainty in Mortality Attributed to Household, Ambient, and Joint Exposure to PM2.5 From Residential Solid Fuel Use , 2018, GeoHealth.

[9]  Christopher O. Olopade,et al.  Sustained usage of bioethanol cookstoves shown in an urban Nigerian city via new SUMs algorithm , 2016 .

[10]  Christine Wiedinmyer,et al.  Assessment of cookstove stacking in Northern Ghana using surveys and stove use monitors , 2016 .

[11]  D. Levine,et al.  What is a “meal”? Comparative methods of auditing carbon offset compliance for fuel-efficient cookstoves , 2016 .

[12]  A. Pillarisetti,et al.  Use of Temperature Sensors to Determine Exclusivity of Improved Stove Use and Associated Household Air Pollution Reductions in Kenya. , 2016, Environmental science & technology.

[13]  Carson A. Wick,et al.  Behavioral Reactivity Associated With Electronic Monitoring of Environmental Health Interventions--A Cluster Randomized Trial with Water Filters and Cookstoves. , 2016, Environmental science & technology.

[14]  Subhrendu K. Pattanayak,et al.  How much do alternative cookstoves reduce biomass fuel use? Evidence from North India. , 2016 .

[15]  J. Marshall,et al.  Using objective measures of stove use and indoor air quality to evaluate a cookstove intervention in rural Uganda , 2015 .

[16]  Ranyee A. Chiang,et al.  Quantitative Guidance for Stove Usage and Performance to Achieve Health and Environmental Targets , 2015, Environmental health perspectives.

[17]  Omar Masera,et al.  Patterns of Stove Use in the Context of Fuel–Device Stacking: Rationale and Implications , 2015, EcoHealth.

[18]  N. Ramanathan,et al.  Laboratory demonstration and field verification of a Wireless Cookstove Sensing System (WiCS) for determining cooking duration and fuel consumption , 2014 .

[19]  Narendra K. Arora,et al.  Patterns of Stove Usage after Introduction of an Advanced Cookstove: The Long-Term Application of Household Sensors , 2014, Environmental science & technology.

[20]  David I. Levine,et al.  Comparing methods for signal analysis of temperature readings from stove use monitors. , 2014 .

[21]  Bablu Kumar,et al.  Comparative study of indoor air pollution using traditional and improved cooking stoves in rural households of Northern India , 2014 .

[22]  T. Clasen,et al.  Assessing the Impact of Water Filters and Improved Cook Stoves on Drinking Water Quality and Household Air Pollution: A Randomised Controlled Trial in Rwanda , 2014, PloS one.

[23]  Christina K Barstow,et al.  Use of remotely reporting electronic sensors for assessing use of water filters and cookstoves in Rwanda. , 2013, Environmental science & technology.

[24]  Eduardo Canuz,et al.  Quantitative metrics of stove adoption using Stove Use Monitors (SUMs). , 2013, Biomass & bioenergy.

[25]  Bhaswati Ganguli,et al.  State and national household concentrations of PM2.5 from solid cookfuel use: Results from measurements and modeling in India for estimation of the global burden of disease , 2013, Environmental Health.

[26]  B. DeAngelo,et al.  Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: A scientific assessment , 2013 .

[27]  Ken R. Smith,et al.  Adoption and sustained use of improved cookstoves , 2011 .

[28]  Nicholas L. Lam,et al.  Modeling indoor air pollution from cookstove emissions in developing countries using a Monte Carlo single-box model , 2011 .

[29]  Sandeep Shah,et al.  Characterization and problems of indoor pollution due to cooking stove smoke , 1993 .

[30]  Sumeet Saksena,et al.  Patterns of daily exposure to TSP and CO in the Garhwal Himalaya , 1992 .

[31]  Premlata Menon,et al.  Indoor spatial monitoring of combustion generated pollutants (TSP, CO, and BaP) by Indian cookstoves , 1988 .

[32]  Kirk R. Smith,et al.  INDOOR AIR QUALITY OF HOUSEHOLDS WITH IMPROVED AND TRADITIONAL STOVES IN KALDARI, INDIA , 2018 .

[33]  N. Ramanathan,et al.  Wireless sensors linked to climate financing for globally affordable clean cooking , 2017 .

[34]  Interactive comment on “Uncertainties in global aerosols and climate effects due to biofuel emissions” , 2015 .

[35]  Frank J. Kelly,et al.  WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality: Selected pollutants. , 2010 .

[36]  Frank J. Kelly,et al.  WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality , 2010 .

[37]  Bin Chen,et al.  Chinese kang as a domestic heating system in rural northern China—A review , 2009 .

[38]  Kirk R. Smith,et al.  Air pollution and rural biomass fuels in developing countries: A pilot village study in India and implications for research and policy☆ , 1983 .