CFD–DEM simulation of tube erosion in a fluidized bed

The erosion of the immersed tubes in a bubbling-fluidized bed is studied numerically using an Eulerian–Lagrangian approach coupling with a particle-scale erosion model. In this approach, the motion of gas and particles is simulated by the CFD–DEM method, and an erosion model SIEM (shear impact energy model) is proposed to predict the erosion of the tubes. The model is validated by the good agreement of the simulation results and previous experimental data. By analyzing the simulation results, some characteristics of the tube erosion in the fluidized bed are obtained, such as the distribution of the erosion rate around the tube, the variation of the erosion rate with the position of the tube, the effect of the friction coefficient of particles on the erosion, the relationship between the maximum and the average erosion rate, etc. The microscale behavior of particles around the tubes is also revealed and the linear relationship between the erosion and the shear impact energy is confirmed by the simulation results and experiment. The agreement between simulation and experiment proves that the microscale approach proposed in this article has high accuracy for predicting erosion of the tubes in the fluidized bed, and has potential to be applied to modeling the process in other chemical equipment facing solid particle erosion. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 418–437, 2017

[1]  Brahmeshwar Mishra,et al.  On the determination of contact parameters for realistic DEM simulations of ball mills , 2001 .

[2]  A. Almstedt,et al.  Hydrodynamics and steel tube wastage in a fluidized bed at elevated temperature , 2004 .

[3]  Hossein Ashrafizadeh,et al.  A numerical 3D simulation for prediction of wear caused by solid particle impact , 2012 .

[4]  I. Finnie,et al.  The Mechanism of Material Removal in the Erosive Cutting of Brittle Materials , 1966 .

[5]  Lynn F. Gladden,et al.  Granular temperature: Comparison of Magnetic Resonance measurements with Discrete Element Model simulations , 2008 .

[6]  Jpk Seville,et al.  The influence of DEM simulation parameters on the particle behaviour in a V-mixer , 2002 .

[7]  Jianmin Ding,et al.  Three-dimensional kinetic theory modeling of hydrodynamics and erosion in fluidized beds , 1992 .

[8]  C. Müller,et al.  A Study of the Motion and Eruption of a Bubble at the Surface of a Two-Dimensional Fluidized Bed Using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) , 2007 .

[9]  Wiwut Tanthapanichakoon,et al.  Discrete particle simulation of solids motion in a gas–solid fluidized bed , 2003 .

[10]  Kelvin Chu,et al.  Numerical simulation of complex particle-fluid flows , 2006 .

[11]  Yurong He,et al.  Prediction on immersed tubes erosion using two-fluid model in a bubbling fluidized bed , 2009 .

[12]  Yongzhi Zhao,et al.  Enhancing mixing of particles by baffles in a rotating drum mixer , 2011 .

[13]  J. Bitter.  A study of erosion phenomena part I , 1963 .

[14]  O. Hinrichsen,et al.  Numerical Simulation of Tube Erosion in a Bubbling Fluidized Bed with a Dense Tube Bundle , 2013 .

[15]  J. H. Neilson,et al.  Erosion by a stream of solid particles , 1968 .

[16]  Masayuki Horio,et al.  Particle and bubble movements around tubes immersed in fluidized beds : a numerical study , 1999 .

[17]  Yong Jin,et al.  Eulerian-Lagrangian simulation of distinct clustering phenomena and RTDs in riser and downer , 2010 .

[18]  John M. Ting,et al.  Computational Laboratory for Discrete Element Geomechanics , 1992 .

[19]  Y. Tsuji,et al.  Discrete particle simulation of two-dimensional fluidized bed , 1993 .

[20]  Robert W. Lyczkowski,et al.  State-of-the-art review of erosion modeling in fluid/solids systems , 2002 .

[21]  A. Yu,et al.  Discrete particle simulation of particulate systems: Theoretical developments , 2007 .

[22]  I. Finnie.  Erosion of surfaces by solid particles , 1960 .

[23]  Jiyuan Tu,et al.  On numerical modeling of particle–wall impaction in relation to erosion prediction: Eulerian versus Lagrangian method , 2002 .

[24]  Peter J. Witt,et al.  Tube erosion modelling in a fluidised bed , 2002 .

[25]  John Kent,et al.  Analysis of boiler-tube erosion by the technique of acoustic emission: Part I. Mechanical erosion , 2001 .

[26]  Masayuki Horio,et al.  Numerical simulation of cohesive powder behavior in a fluidized bed , 1998 .

[27]  R. D. Felice,et al.  The voidage function for fluid-particle interaction systems , 1994 .

[28]  P. Cundall,et al.  A discrete numerical model for granular assemblies , 1979 .

[29]  A. Almstedt,et al.  Two-fluid modelling of cooling-tube erosion in a fluidized bed , 2000 .

[30]  Tingwen Li,et al.  Cartesian grid simulations of bubbling fluidized beds with a horizontal tube bundle , 2011 .

[31]  B. P. Leonard,et al.  A stable and accurate convective modelling procedure based on quadratic upstream interpolation , 1990 .

[32]  A. Almstedt,et al.  Hydrodynamics, erosion and heat transfer in a pressurized fluidized bed: influence of pressure, fluidization velocity, particle size and tube bank geometry , 1997 .

[33]  Yongzhi Zhao,et al.  Particle‐scale simulation of the flow and heat transfer behaviors in fluidized bed with immersed tube , 2009 .

[34]  Changning Wu,et al.  Numerical simulation of hydrodynamics in downers using a CFD–DEM coupled approach , 2010 .

[35]  Kurt Liffman,et al.  Use of discrete element method simulation in studying fluidization characteristics: influence of interparticle force , 2001 .

[36]  I. Finnie.  Some observations on the erosion of ductile metals , 1972 .